Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics by randomization assignment: biomarker nested case-control subset.
| Characteristic | E+P, Ea | PBOa | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caucasian, n (%) | 655 (90.8) | 689 (88.4) | 0.128 |
| Age (y), mean (SD) | 65.5 (7.7) | 65.8 (7.3) | 0.350 |
| Menopause (y) mean (SD) | 17.3 (9.6) | 18.2 (9.6) | 0.080 |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 75.5 (17.3) | 73.6 (16.0) | 0.027 |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 161.7 (6.7) | 161.7 (6.2) | 0.931 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 28.8 (6.2) | 28.1 (5.5) | 0.011 |
| Smoking Status, n (%) | 0.236 | ||
| Never | 352 (48.8) | 405 (52.0) | |
| Past | 291 (40.4) | 294 (37.7) | |
| Current | 72 (10.0) | 67 (8.6) | |
| Past hormone therapy (yes) n (%) | 245 (34.0) | 313 (40.2) | 0.028 |
| Positive history of fracture, n (%) | 157 (21.8) | 161 (20.7) | 0.600 |
| Alcohol use, n (%) | 0.792 | ||
| Non-drinker | 232 (32.2) | 237 (30.4) | |
| <1 drink per day | 407 (56.4) | 442 (56.7) | |
| 1+ drinks per day | 78 (10.8) | 95 (12.2) | |
| Physical activity (METS), n (%) | 0.365 | ||
| 0, inactive | 114 (15.8) | 133 (17.1) | |
| <5 | 152 (21.1) | 171 (22.0) | |
| 5–<12 | 146 (20.2) | 167 (21.4) | |
| ≥12 | 229 (31.8) | 245 (31.5) | |
| Fall history (2 or more falls at baseline), n (%) | 111 (15.4) | 108 (13.9) | 0.052 |
| Calcium intake (mg/day), mean (SD) | 1067.2 (609.4) | 1130.2 (727.8) | 0.070 |
| Baseline thiazide diuretic use, n (%) | 40 (5.5) | 39 (5.0) | 0.639 |
| Parental history of fracture, n (%) | 254 (35.2) | 289 (37.1) | 0.702 |
| Hysterectomy, n (%) | 316 (43.8) | 366 (47.0) | 0.220 |
| Self-reported health (≥ good), n (%) | 651 (90.3) | 708 (90.9) | 0.734 |
| Corticosteroid use, n (%) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0.956 |
| Treated diabetes (pills or shots), n (%) | 44 (6.1) | 29 (3.7) | 0.064 |
a
Estrogen progestin, Estrogen alone or Placebo.