Table 2.
Mean scores* | P-values** for Cohort Differences | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cohort 1 HIV infected N = 35 |
Cohort 2 HIV Affected N = 35 |
Cohort 3 Controls N = 90 |
Cohort 1 vs.2 vs.3 |
Cohort 1 vs. 3 |
Cohort 2 vs. 3 |
Cohort 1 vs. 2 |
|
Cognitive development | |||||||
Visit 1 (baseline) | 65.8 ± 6.0 | 74.8 ± 6.0 | 84.6 ± 3.8 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.0060 | 0.0350 |
Visit 2 (6 month) | 75.8 ± 6.0 | 74.9 ± 5.6 | 87.3 ± 3.8 | 0.0002 | 0.0016 | 0.0004 | 0.8391 |
Visit 3 (12 month) | 84.3 ± 7.2 | 87.6 ± 6.6 | 96.5 ± 5.0 | 0.0102 | 0.0056 | 0.0345 | 0.4945 |
Mean change from visit 1 to 2 (Δ2-1) |
10.0 ± 5.7 | 0.1 ± 5.2 | 2.6 ± 3.6 | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Mean change from visit 1 to 3 (Δ3-1) |
18.5 ± 7.7 | 12.8 ± 7.2 | 11.8 ± 5.2 | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Motor development | |||||||
Visit 1 (baseline) | 75.7 ± 4.2 | 87.2 ± 4.2 | 97.8 ± 2.6 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.0002 |
Visit 2 (6 month) | 82.4 ± 4.0 | 91.0 ± 3.8 | 101.0 ± 2.6 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.0026 |
Visit 3 (12 month) | 90.4 ± 3.8 | 94.0 ± 3.6 | 105.0 ± 2.6 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | 0.1783 |
Mean change from visit 1 to 2 (Δ2-1) |
6.7 ± 3.8 | 3.8 ± 3.6 | 2.7 ± 2.4 | 0.2134 | ns | ns | ns |
Mean change from visit 1 to 3 (Δ3-1) |
14.6 ± 4.2 | 6.8 ± 3.8 | 7.6 ± 2.8 | 0.0090 | 0.0055 | 0.7323 | 0.0063 |
Statistical estimate of the mean obtained from the linear mixed-effects model and 95% CI
Model-based p-value for F-test. Type I error controlled by hierarchical testing. P-values significant at 0.05 level.
“ns” indicates a non-significant result due to a preceding non-significant test in the hierarchical sequence of hypothesis testing; e.g., cohorts 1 and 3 (sub-hypothesis) cannot be different if it is true that cohorts 1, 2 and 3 (overall hypothesis) are all the same.