Table 2. Number of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests, prostate cancer diagnoses and treatments of a cohort of 100 000 European Standard men of all ages in the period 2008–2033.
|
Screening
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No screening | Total | Clinicala | Relevanta | Overdetecteda | |
| PSA tests | 0 | 126 888 | 23 919 (19%) | 43 014 (34%) | 59 955 (47%) |
| Biopsies | 6642 | 19 946 | 3760 (19%) | 6761 (34%) | 9424 (47%) |
| Cancers detected | 2378 | 4956 | 1346 (27%) | 1508 (30%) | 2102 (42%) |
| Active surveillance | 438 | 1310 | 266 (20%) | 388 (30%) | 656 (50%) |
| Radical prostatectomy | 716 | 1559 | 410 (26%) | 499 (32%) | 651 (42%) |
| Radiation therapy | 708 | 1786 | 412 (23%) | 579 (32%) | 795 (45%) |
| Palliative therapy | 514 | 301 | 259 (86%) | 42 (14%) | 0 (0%) |
| Palliative therapy after primary treatment | 241 | 267 | 133 (50%) | 134 (50%) | 0 (0%) |
The screening attendance is 100% for the ages 55–70 with a 4-year interval.
a
Cancers detected in the situation with screening are divided in clinically detected cancers (interval cancers), relevant cancers (screen-detected cancers that would have given rise to clinical symptoms later in life) and overdetected cancers (screen-detected cancers that would never given rise to clinical symptoms and would not lead to death caused by prostate cancer).