(A) CD spectra of HCoV-OC43 N protein at various temperatures including 20, 45, 60, and 90 °C. The protein concentration was 5 μM and the buffer consisted of 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.3), 150 mM NaCl, and 0.1% CHAPS. (B) Thermostability measurements of HCoV-OC43 N protein monitored by CD spectra. The protein concentration was 3.8 μM and the buffer consisted of 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.3), 150 mM NaCl, and 0.1% CHAPS.