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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Dec 3.
Published in final edited form as: Methods Cell Biol. 2008;90:217–232. doi: 10.1016/S0091-679X(08)00811-X

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Opening of D-SPARK channels causes action potential firing in mammalian neurons. Bursts of action potentials are elicited when a D-SPARK transfected and MAL-AZO-QA treated neuron is illuminated with UV light purple background. The action potential bursts are halted when the cell is illuminated with visible light green background.