FIGURE 3.

TNF-α action on AS160, IR, Akt substrates, and tyrosine phosphorylation after glucose stimulation in rat primary beta cells. A–D, cells were harvested after culture under basal conditions (white bars) or after 1-h stimulation with glucose (16.7 mm) (dark bars) under normal conditions or after 24-h treatment with TNF-α (20 ng/ml). *, p < 0.05 versus 2.8 mm glucose control condition; #, p < 0.05 versus 16.7 mm glucose control condition. A, representative Western blot and densitometry highlighting AS160 phosphorylation. Western blots were scanned and quantified and data presented for n = 5 independent experiments. B, representative immunoblot showing Akt substrates phosphorylation on residues (Ser/Thr). n = 5 independent experiments. C, representative immunoblot and densitometry showing IR tyrosine phosphorylation. n = 5 independent experiments. *, p < 0.05 versus 2.8 mm glucose control condition; #, p < 0.05 versus 16.7 mm glucose control condition. D, representative immunoblot showing total tyrosine phosphorylation. n = 4 independent experiments.