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. 1999 Jun 5;318(7197):1527–1531. doi: 10.1136/bmj.318.7197.1527

Table 1.

Evaluation of learning effect: proportion of correct decisions related to type of display and order in which the displays were presented to participants

Test order % (95% CI) of correct decisions
Table Pie chart Bar graph Icon Overall value for test order*
1 40 (12 to 74) 56 (21 to 86) 62 (24 to 91) 86 (42 to 99) 59 (41 to 75)
2 86 (42 to 99) 40 (12 to 74) 67 (30 to 93) 75 (35 to 97) 65 (47 to 80)
3 62 (24 to 91) 71 (29 to 96) 50 (19 to 81) 89 (52 to 99) 68 (49 to 83)
4 89 (52 to 99) 62 (24 to 91) 43 (10 to 82) 80 (44 to 97) 70 (53 to 85)
Overall value for display 68 (49 to 83) 56 (38 to 73) 56 (38 to 73) 82 (65 to 93)
*

χ2 statistic for overall value for test order: χ32=1.14; P=0.7679. 

Q statistic for overall value for display: χ32=8.76; P=0.0326 (Cochran’s Q statistic). Icon v table: P=0.1655. Icon v pie chart or bar graph: P=0.0290 (McNemar test).