TABLE 2.
Sphingolipid content and expression of ceramide metabolism-related genes in atrial and ventricular tissue
| Atrial Appendage | Papillary Muscle | |
|---|---|---|
| Content of sphingolipids (pmol/mg) | ||
| Sphingosine | 1.58 ± 0.15 | 1.28 ± 0.09 |
| Sphinganine | 0.26 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.01** |
| Sphingosine-1P | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.03** |
| Ceramide | 24.8 ± 2.8 | 17.5 ± 1.7 |
| Gene expression(fold change vs. atrial appendage) | ||
| SPT1 | 1 ± 0.04 | 2.15 ± 0.04*** |
| SPT2 | 1 ± 0.08 | 1.58 ± 0.04*** |
| SPHK1 | 1 ± 0.06 | 4.12 ± 0.1*** |
| SPHK2 | 1 ± 0.05 | 6.94 ± 0.14** |
| al/n-CDase | 1 ± 0.04 | 2.89 ± 0.05*** |
| a-CDase | 1 ± 0.03 | 3.24 ± 0.05*** |
| n-SMase | 1 ± 0.19 | 1.25 ± 0.22 |
| a-SMase | 1 ± 0.11 | 1.28 ± 0.25 |
The results are means ± SEM. Samples of both right atrial appendage and papillary muscle of the mitral apparatus were obtained from patients undergoing cardiac surgery for the mitral valve replacement (n = 6–8). * significant difference versus atrial appendage.