Appendix B. Domains and Items comprising DSM-IV dependence symptoms.

DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence	Main Interview Item
Criteria # 3. The substance is often taken in larger amounts over a longer period than was intended.	Once I started drinking it was difficult for me to stop before I became completely intoxicated. I sometimes kept on drinking after I had promised myself not to.
Criteria #: 4: There is persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use.	I deliberately tried to cut down or quit drinking, but I was unable to do so. I wanted to cut down or quit drinking.
Criteria #: 5: A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the substance (e.g. visiting multiple doctors or driving long distances) use the substance, or recover from its effects	I spent a lot of my time on drinking or getting over the effects of drinking or doing things to get alcohol.
Criteria # 6. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of substance use	My drinking has interfered with my spare time activities or hobbies leisure or family activities and interests. I have given up or reduced important work or social activities for my drinking.
Criteria # 7. The substance use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent problems	I kept on drinking although I knew that I had a health problem caused by or made worse by my drinking. I kept on drinking although I felt that my drinking was giving me psychological or emotional problems
Criteria # :1. Tolerance as defined by either of the following a need for markedly increased amounts of the substance to achieve intoxication or desired effect markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance.	I needed more alcohol than I used to, to get the same effect as before. I found that the same amount of drinking had much less effect than it used to.
Criteria#: 2. Withdrawal as manifested by either of the following: the characteristic withdrawal syndrome for the substance the development of a substance-specific syndrome due to the cessation of (or reduction in) substance use that has been heavy and prolonged. The substance-specific syndrome causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder the same (or a closely related) substance is taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms.	My hands shook a lot the morning after drinking; Sometimes I have awakened during the night or early morning sweating all over because of drinking; I found that I needed a drink to keep from getting the shakes or becoming sick. I was sick or vomited after drinking or the morning after drinking; I was depressed, irritable or nervous after drinking or the morning after drinking. I have taken a strong drink in the morning to get over the effects of last night’s drinking.