Table 2.
Mean values of arachidonic acid incorporation coefficients k* in rats, at baseline (in response to saline), in response to 20-min Donepezil and, following atropine + Donepezil
| Brain Region | Saline | Donepezil | Atropine + Donepezil |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prefrontal cortex layer I | 3.40 ± 0.42 | 4.20 ± 0.42* | 3.38 ± 0.60 |
| Prefrontal cortex layer IV | 3.61 ± 0.51 | 4.41 ± 0.50* | 3.68 ± 0.58 |
| Primary olfactory cortex | 3.63 ± 0.76 | 4.43 ± 0.52 | 3.63 ± 0.94 |
| Frontal cortex (10) | |||
| Layer I | 3.44 ± 0.58 | 4.44 ± 0.39* | 3.57 ± 0.66 |
| Layer IV | 4.02 ± 0.80 | 5.06 ± 0.52* | 3.99 ± 0.75 |
| Frontal cortex (8) | |||
| Layer I | 3.78 ± 0.75 | 5.01 ± 0.96* | 3.90 ± 0.70 |
| Layer IV | 4.07 ± 0.78 | 5.87 ± 1.17* | 4.49 ± 1.01 |
| Pyriform cortex | 2.60 ± 0.41 | 3.47 ± 0.43* | 2.85 ± 0.66 |
| Anterior cingulate cortex | 4.03 ± 0.99 | 5.36 ± 0.57* | 4.29 ± 0.88 |
| Motor cortex | |||
| Layer I | 3.17 ± 0.41 | 4.27 ± 0.78* | 3.59 ± 0.64 |
| Layer II — III | 3.28 ± 0.46 | 4.25 ± 0.69* | 3.52 ± 0.70 |
| Layer IV | 3.83 ± 0.80 | 4.96 ± 0.50* | 4.03 ± 0.97 |
| Layer V | 2.98 ± 0.58 | 3.82 ± 0.32* | 3.10 ± 0.60 |
| Layer VI | 2.73 ± 0.44 | 3.65 ± 0.36* | 2.76 ± 0.40 |
| Somatosensory cortex | |||
| Layer I | 3.46 ± 0.59 | 4.46 ± 0.65* | 3.54 ± 0.66 |
| Layer II—III | 3.47 ± 0.70 | 4.56 ± 0.44* | 3.70 ± 0.75 |
| Layer IV | 3.95 ± 0.85 | 5.41 ± 0.76* | 4.35 ± 0.96 |
| Layer V | 3.41 ± 0.45 | 4.54 ± 0.74* | 3.84 ± 0.71 |
| Layer VI | 3.35 ± 0.57 | 4.44 ± 0.87* | 3.65 ± 0.61 |
| Auditory cortex | |||
| Layer I | 4.13 ± 1.55 | 4.66 ± 1.51 | 3.61 ± 0.48 |
| Layer IV | 4.16 ± 1.31 | 5.87 ± 1.03* | 4.46 ± 0.65 |
| Layer VI | 3.31 ± 0.66 | 4.56 ± 1.05* | 3.85 ± 0.54 |
| Visual cortex | |||
| Layer I | 3.40 ± 0.99 | 3.65 ± 1.06 | 3.32 ± 0.61 |
| Layer IV | 4.04 ± 1.13 | 4.36 ± 1.18 | 3.69 ± 0.52 |
| Layer VI | 3.48 ± 1.00 | 4.09 ± 1.12 | 3.28 ± 0.57 |
| Preoptic area (LPO/MPO) | 2.62 ± 0.32 | 3.40 ± 0.70* | 2.96 ± 0.53 |
| Suprachiasmatic nu | 2.60 ± 0.55 | 3.46 ± 0.74 | 2.96 ± 0.56 |
| Globus pallidus | 2.55 ± 0.42 | 3.35 ± 0.76 | 2.89 ± 0.54 |
| Bed nu stria terminalis | 3.03 ± 0.36 | 3.66 ± 0.76 | 2.98 ± 0.77 |
| Olfactory tubercle | 3.71 ± 0.90 | 4.07 ± 0.76 | 3.57 ± 0.51 |
| Diagonal band Dorsal | 3.11 ± 0.57 | 3.81 ± 0.79 | 3.52 ± 0.70 |
| Ventral | 3.22 ± 0.49 | 3.97 ± 0.71 | 3.26 ± 0.87 |
| Amygdala basolat/med | 3.25 ± 0.49 | 3.96 ± 0.67 | 3.09 ± 0.49 |
| Hippocampus | |||
| CA1 | 2.86 ± 0.42 | 3.24 ± 0.52 | 2.60 ± 0.61 |
| CA2 | 3.16 ± 0.58 | 3.30 ± 0.65 | 2.87 ± 0.39 |
| CA3 | 2.96 ± 0.43 | 3.24 ± 0.65 | 2.75 ± 0.42 |
| Dentate gyrus | 3.02 ± 0.33 | 3.51 ± 0.79 | 3.04 ± 0.58 |
| SLM | 3.78 ± 1.10 | 4.17 ± 1.13 | 3.81 ± 1.06 |
| Accumbens nucleus | 3.77 ± 0.81 | 4.36 ± 0.81 | 3.74 ± 0.69 |
| Caudate putamen | |||
| Dorsal | 3.52 ± 0.54 | 4.50 ± 0.47* | 3.56 ± 0.57 |
| Ventral | 3.50 ± 0.57 | 4.65 ± 0.39* | 3.63 ± 0.58 |
| Lateral | 3.59 ± 0.65 | 4.65 ± 0.43* | 3.57 ± 0.62 |
| Medial | 3.46 ± 0.55 | 4.57 ± 0.37* | 3.56 ± 0.63 |
| Septal nucleus lateral | 2.91 ± 0.35 | 3.60 ± 0.78 | 2.82 ± 0.64 |
| medial | 3.56 ± 0.79 | 4.49 ± 0.37* | 3.58 ± 0.70 |
| Habenular nu lateral | 4.33 ± 0.76 | 5.82 ± 0.41* | 5.04 ± 1.30 |
| medial | 4.64 ± 1.05 | 6.54 ± 0.66** | 5.02 ± 1.41 |
| Dorsal lateral geniculate nu | 3.67 ± 1.05 | 5.20 ± 1.19* | 4.10 ± 0.97 |
| Medial Geniculate nu | 3.84 ± 0.46 | 4.70 ± 0.57* | 4.30 ± 0.44 |
| Thalamus | |||
| Ventroposterior nu lat | 4.12 ± 1.02 | 3.90 ± 1.13 | 3.37 ± 0.47 |
| Ventroposterior nu med | 3.72 ± 0.87 | 3.95 ± 1.08 | 3.29 ± 0.45 |
| Paratenial nu | 3.21 ± 0.44 | 4.05 ± 0.69* | 3.37 ± 0.52 |
| Anteroventral nu | 4.78 ± 1.15 | 6.12 ± 0.92* | 5.54 ± 0.58 |
| Anteromedial nu | 3.56 ± 0.57 | 4.63 ± 0.47* | 3.75 ± 0.73 |
| Reticular nu | 3.78 ± 0.68 | 4.55 ± 0.81 | 4.25 ± 0.84 |
| Paraventricular nu | 3.29 ± 0.35 | 4.53 ± 0.59** | 3.42 ± 0.60 |
| Parafascicular nu | 3.86 ± 1.20 | 3.86 ± 1.32 | 3.62 ± 1.49 |
| Subthalamic nucleus | 3.82 ± 1.05 | 3.91 ± 1.22 | 4.35 ± 0.53 |
| Hypothalamus | |||
| Supraoptic nu | 3.01 ± 0.60 | 3.56 ± 0.62 | 2.75 ± 0.40 |
| Lateral | 2.74 ± 0.40 | 3.78 ± 1.00* | 3.02 ± 0.55 |
| Anterior | 2.79 ± 0.31 | 3.88 ± 0.87* | 2.86 ± 0.42 |
| Periventricular | 2.30 ± 0.37 | 2.99 ± 0.88 | 2.26 ± 0.29 |
| Arcuate | 2.74 ± 0.32 | 3.35 ± 0.75 | 2.90 ± 0.51 |
| Ventromedial | 2.85 ± 0.22 | 3.44 ± 0.57 | 3.04 ± 0.52 |
| Posterior | 3.70 ± 0.82 | 3.73 ± 1.05 | 3.57 ± 0.63 |
| Mammillary nucleus | 3.37 ± 1.19 | 3.11 ± 0.81 | 2.84 ± 0.50 |
| Interpeduncular nu | 5.01 ± 1.23 | 6.52 ± 0.56* | 5.62 ± 1.20 |
| Substantia nigra | 3.43 ± 1.06 | 3.37 ± 1.12 | 3.05 ± 0.39 |
| Pretectal area | 3.98 ± 1.31 | 4.40 ± 1.15 | 3.60 ± 0.66 |
| Superior colliculus | 3.73 ± 0.97 | 3.93 ± 1.02 | 3.36 ± 0.56 |
| Deep layers | 3.69 ± 0.85 | 4.47 ± 1.17 | 3.67 ± 0.35 |
| Inferior colliculus | 5.52 ± 1.50 | 6.18 ± 1.99 | 6.11 ± 1.45 |
| Flocculus | 4.01 ± 1.02 | 4.08 ± 1.00 | 4.42 ± 1.03 |
| Cerebellar gray matter | 3.70 ± 0.86 | 3.97 ± 1.12 | 3.60 ± 0.57 |
| Molecular layer cerebellar gray matter | |||
| 4.63 ± 1.08 | 5.46 ± 1.76 | 5.27 ± 1.15 | |
| White matter | |||
| Corpus callosum | 2.44 ± 0.43 | 2.21 ± 0.54 | 2.80 ± 0.42 |
| Zona incerta | 2.84 ± 0.47 | 3.04 ± 1.19 | 2.89 ± 0.45 |
| Internal capsule | 2.07 ± 0.52 | 2.63 ± 0.69 | 2.33 ± 0.42 |
| Cerebellar white matter | 2.10 ± 1.07 | 2.58 ± 0.62 | 2.46 ± 0.45 |
| Non-blood-brain barrier regions | |||
| Subfornical organ | 4.09 ± 0.61 | 4.47 ± 0.74 | 4.05 ± 0.78 |
| Median eminence | 3.07 ± 0.46 | 3.26 ± 0.54 | 3.05 ± 0.52 |
| Choroid plexus | 16.89 ± 2.85 | 15.66 ± 3.18 | 17.32 ± 3.57 |
Abbreviations: nu, nucleus; lat, lateral; med, medial; SLM, stratum lacunosum-molecular of the hippocampus k* = (ml/s/g) × 10-4
Donepezil administration: 3.0 mg/kg p.o. 20 min
Atropine plus Donepezil administration: 5.0 mg/kg s.c., 17 min following by Donepezil 3.0 mg/kg, p.o. 20 min
Each value is a mean ± S.D. (n = 6).
*
p < 0.05
**
p < 0.01; compared with the saline group (one-way ANOVA Dunnett tests).