Table 3.
Prevalence of current tobacco use, by sex, region and country, Nursing Global Health Professions Student Survey 2005–2009.
| Country (Site) | Year | Current cigarette smokers | Currently use other tobacco products | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total % (95% CI) | Male % (95% CI) | Female % (95% CI) | P–Value | Total % (95% CI) | Male % (95% CI) | Female % (95% CI) | P–Value | ||
| AFRICAN REGION (AFR) | |||||||||
| Algeria | 2007 | 2.4 (1.1–4.9) | 8.5 (3.0–22.2) | 1.3 (0.4–3.7) | 0.1078 | 2.3 (1.1–4.7) | 9.8 (4.1–21.4) | 0.8 (0.2–3.4) | 0.0317 |
| Ghana | 2006 | 0.8 (0.3–2.0) | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA | 1.5 (0.7–2.9) | 0.0 | 1.9 (1.0–3.8) | 0.0040 |
| Kenya | 2008 | 7.5 (6.0–9.3) | 13.5 (10.3–17.6) | 4.3 (3.0–6.3) | 0.0000 | 5.4 (4.2–7.0) | 9.7 (7.0–13.3) | 3.1 (2.0–4.8) | 0.0002 |
| Uganda | 2005 | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 3.3 (1.9–5.6) | 0.0 | 0.0004 | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.0 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.0000 |
| EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION (EMR) | |||||||||
| Gaza Strip/West Bank | 2007 | 25.0 (23.6–26.5) | 33.9 (31.5–36.5) | 19.9 (18.2–21.6) | 0.0000 | 24.8 (23.4–26.2) | 30.2 (27.9–32.7) | 20.1 (18.4–21.8) | 0.0000 |
| Iran | 2007 | 4.4 (3.4–5.6) | 17.4 (13.1–22.6) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 0.0000 | 8.8 (7.4–10.3) | 22.6 (17.9–28.3) | 5.7 (4.6–7.2) | 0.0000 |
| Iraq | 2005 | 18.7 (15.8–22.1) | 31.8 (26.6–37.5) | 7.4 (4.9–11.0) | 0.0000 | 5.5 (4.0–7.7) | 7.9 (5.3–11.7) | 3.6 (2.0–6.5) | 0.0288 |
| Jordan | 2007 | 43.9 (43.1–44.8) | 62.2 (61.1–63.2) | 16.0 (15.0–17.0) | 0.0000 | 16.4 (15.8–17.1) | 22.6 (21.7–23.5) | 7.4 (6.7–8.1) | 0.0000 |
| Lebanon | 2006 | 26.9 (24.2–29.7) | 43.0 (37.1–49.1) | 21.5 (18.7–24.7) | 0.0000 | 44.9 (41.8–48.0) | 54.3 (48.3–60.1) | 41.6 (38.1–45.2) | 0.0003 |
| Sudan | 2007 | 4.8 (3.7–6.2) | 21.6 (16.5–27.7) | 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 0.0000 | 3.7 (2.8–5.0) | 12.4 (8.6–17.5) | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | 0.0000 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 2006 | 19.3 (18.7–20.0) | 49.8 (48.4–51.2) | 7.0 (6.6–7.5) | 0.0000 | 19.0 (18.4–19.6) | 32.5 (31.2–33.8) | 13.5 (12.8–14.1) | 0.0000 |
| Tunisia | 2007 | 26.2 (23.4–29.1) | 57.9 (51.4–64.1) | 14.7 (12.2–17.6) | 0.0000 | 19.1 (16.7–21.8) | 37.7 (32.0–43.8) | 12.1 (9.7–14.9) | 0.0000 |
| EUROPEAN REGION (EUR) | |||||||||
| Albania | 2005 | 41.5 (37.9–45.1) | 57.5 (49.8–64.8) | 36.4 (32.5–40.5) | 0.0000 | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 2.1 (0.9–4.7) | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | 0.4161 |
| Armenia | 2006 | 5.7 (2.9–10.8) | 48.6 (30.9–66.7) | 2.4 (0.8–6.8 | 0.0051 | 1.1 (0.5–2.6) | 2.7 (1.1–6.7) | 1.0 (0.3–3.7) | 0.2540 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2005 | 33.0 (28.8–37.6) | 27.3 (21.1–34.5) | 34.8 (29.8–40.2) | 0.0707 | 5.5 (4.1–7.4) | 7.0 (3.8–12.4) | 5.0 (3.4–7.3) | 0.4043 |
| Czech Republic | 2006 | 32.7 (29.7–35.8) | * | 33.2 (30.1–36.5) | NA | 4.3 (3.2–5.9) | * | 4.3 (3.1–5.9) | NA |
| Greece | 2009 | 33.5 (30.0–37.3) | 40.0 (30.2–50.7) | 32.5 (28.8–36.6) | 0.1882 | 2.7 (1.7–4.3) | 4.1 (1.4–11.2) | 2.5 (1.5–4.2) | 0.4739 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2008 | 9.5 (7.5–12.0) | 9.3 (6.1–13.8) | 9.7 (7.2–12.9) | 0.8510 | 9.6 (7.6–12.1) | 5.6 (3.2–9.4) | 11.9 (9.1–15.3) | 0.0043 |
| Lithuania | 2006 | 36.2 (33.1–39.3) | 32.5 (24.1–42.2) | 36.6 (33.3–39.9) | 0.4082 | 7.3 (5.8–9.1) | 10.4 (5.8–17.8) | 6.9 (5.4–8.9) | 0.2713 |
| Republic of Moldova | 2008 | 20.2 (16.2–24.8) | 28.0 (15.1–45.8) | 19.4 (15.3–24.2) | 0.2998 | 7.6 (5.2–11.0) | 10.6 (3.9–25.7) | 6.9 (4.5–10.5) | 0.4896 |
| Serbia | 2006 | 33.8 (27.2–41.1) | 32.4 (22.5–44.3) | 34.1 (28.1–40.7) | 0.5205 | 10.0 (6.9–14.4) | 13.4 (8.9–19.6) | 9.4 (6.3–13.7) | 0.0416 |
| Slovakia | 2006 | 32.2 (30.6–33.8) | 41.8 (34.8–49.2) | 31.7 (30.1–33.3) | 0.0077 | 4.3 (3.7–5.0) | 15.0 (10.3–21.2) | 3.7 (3.1–4.4) | 0.0001 |
| REGION OF THE AMERICAS (AMR) | |||||||||
| Argentina | 2007 | 36.4 (33.3–39.6) | 38.4 (31.5–45.8) | 36.0 (32.5–39.6) | 0.5510 | 7.7 (6.1–9.7) | 1.9 (0.7–5.4) | 9.3 (7.3–11.7) | 0.0000 |
| Bolivia | 2006 | 21.3 (8.8–43.3) | 36.8 (13.3–68.8) | 19.5 (9.2–36.7) | 0.0549 | 9.1 (1.1–48.3) | 14.9 (3.1–48.6) | 8.4 (0.9–47.4) | 0.1107 |
| Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) | 2006 | 12.5 (8.4–18.2) | 10.8 (4.1–25.3) | 12.9 (8.8–18.6) | 0.5795 | 4.0 (2.0–8.1) | 4.6 (1.0–19.4) | 3.9 (1.6–9.0) | 0.8250 |
| Chile | 2008 | 46.6 (45.2–47.9) | 40.2 (36.7–43.8) | 47.6 (46.1–49.0) | 0.0002 | 3.0 (2.6–3.5) | 2.4 (1.5–3.8) | 3.1 (2.6–3.6) | 0.2860 |
| Costa Rica | 2006 | 24.0 | 25.8 | 23.3 | NA | 5.8 | 9.7 | 4.1 | NA |
| Cuba (Havana) | 2008 | 39.8 (36.9–42.7) | 62.5 (51.4–72.4) | 38.2 (35.2–41.2) | 0.0000 | 7.6 (6.2–9.3) | 6.1 (2.4–14.5) | 7.8 (6.3–9.6) | 0.5755 |
| Jamaica | 2008 | 5.1 (4.0–6.5) | * | 5.3 (4.2–6.8) | NA | 2.1 (1.5–3.1) | * | 1.8 (1.2–2.6) | NA |
| Panama | 2008 | 3.4 (2.7–4.3) | 3.2 (1.5–6.6) | 3.5 (2.7–4.4) | 0.8229 | 2.2 (1.6–2.9) | 0.0 | 2.5 (1.8–3.3) | 0.0000 |
| Peru | 2006 | 25.0 (21.7–28.7) | 42.0 (34.6–49.9) | 22.0 (18.5–25.8) | 0.0001 | 4.7 (3.1–7.2) | 7.4 (3.1–16.7) | 3.9 (2.4–6.1) | 0.2355 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 2008 | 5.7 (4.8–6.7) | 16.1 (11.7–21.7) | 4.8 (3.9–5.8) | 0.0000 | 1.1 (0.8–1.7) | 3.0 (1.4–6.3) | 1.0 (0.6–1.5) | 0.0000 |
| Uruguay | 2008 | 41.9 (39.2–44.8) | 23.9 (17.8–31.1) | 44.7 (41.6–47.7) | 0.0000 | 6.9 (5.6–8.5) | 0.0 | 8.0 (6.5–9.9) | 0.0000 |
| SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGION (SEAR) | |||||||||
| Bangladesh | 2008 | 4.0 (3.6–4.5) | 49.5 (45.6–53.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.0000 | 8.1 (7.5–8.7) | 26.4 (23.1–29.9) | 6.5 (6.0–7.1) | 0.0000 |
| India | 2007 | 3.4 (1.9–5.9) | 19.9 (10.3–35.1) | 1.1 (0.3–3.3) | 0.0071 | 4.5 (3.0–6.7) | 14.5 (7.7–25.7) | 2.9 (1.5–5.6) | 0.0175 |
| Sri Lanka | 2006 | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 7.6 (5.3–10.7) | 0.3 (0.1–0.5) | 0.0000 | 2.8 (2.3–3.4) | 17.9 (14.3–22.1) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.0000 |
| Thailand | 2006 | 1.1 (0.6–2.3) | 9.8 (4.4–20.3) | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 0.0211 | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 4.4 (1.3–14.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.1635 |
| WESTERN PACIFIC REGION (WPR) | |||||||||
| Cambodia | 2005 | 4.3 (3.6–5.2) | 12.3 (10.3–14.6) | 0.0 | 0.0000 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA |
| Mongolia | 2007 | 19.9 (18.8–20.9) | 53.9 (51.0–56.8) | 11.0 (10.1–11.9 | 0.0000 | 16.5 (15.6–17.5) | 36.6 (33.9–39.3) | 11.1 (10.2–12.1) | 0.0000 |
| South Korea | 2006 | 4.2 (2.7–6.7) | 13.1 (4.1–34.8) | 3.6 (2.3–5.6) | 0.1839 | 3.1 (1.1–8.4) | 18.0 (6.0–43.1) | 2.2 (0.9–4.9) | 0.0608 |