. 2009 Sep 14;587(Pt 21):5239–5247. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.177220

Table 1.

Plasma amino acid, glucose and insulin concentrations

Time (min)	Pre	0	15	30	60	90	120	180	240
Glucose (mm)	4.8 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.2	4.8 ± 0.2	4.9 ± 0.3	4.8 ± 0.2	4.4 ± 0.3	4.5 ± 0.1	4.7 ± 0.1	4.6 ± 0.2
Insulin (μIU ml⁻¹)	6.1 ± 0.6^a	8.5 ± 0.8^a	8.0 ± 0.5^a	7.4 ± 0.6^a	6.4 ± 0.4^a	20.0 ± 2.7^b	15.9 ± 1.4^b	6.4 ± 0.7^a	4.8 ± 0.6^a
∑EAA (μm)	568 ± 102^a	578 ± 92^a	536 ± 78^a	579 ± 106^a	525 ± 59^a	838 ± 115^bc	963 ± 142^bd	799 ± 84^bc	658 ± 63^ac
∑BCAA (μm)	316 ± 55^ae	304 ± 50^a	285 ± 44^a	317 ± 54^ae	262 ± 30^a	476 ± 60^bd	584 ± 80^bc	444 ± 46^de	368 ± 35^ae

Glucose and insulin: there was a main effect for time and condition for insulin, but no significant interaction; therefore values are means ±s.e.m. across LH and HH conditions. Means with different letters are significantly different from each other (P < 0.001). Amino Acids: there was no significant difference between conditions; therefore values are means ±s.e.m (in μm) for average essential amino acid (EAA) and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) concentrations across LH and HH conditions. There was a main effect for time for EAA and BCAA (P < 0.001) where means with different letters are significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). Note: 25 g of protein were consumed at 60 min.