Table I.
Patient characteristics
| Characteristics | Overall | Black | White | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 204230 | 12823 | 191407 | – |
| Percent of population | 100.0 | 6.3 | 93.7 | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age | <.0001 | |||
| <55 years | 25.7 | 36.9 | 24.9 | |
| 55–64 years | 21.8 | 25.2 | 21.6 | |
| 65–74 years | 24.9 | 21.9 | 25.1 | |
| 75 years and older | 27.6 | 16.1 | 28.4 | |
| Female sex | 35.7 | 40.9 | 35.4 | <.0001 |
| NRMI 2 registry | 66.9 | 67.2 | 66.8 | .41 |
| Primary payer | <.0001 | |||
| Age <65 and commercial insurer | 23.1 | 20.1 | 23.3 | |
| Age <65 and HMO | 8.6 | 10.9 | 8.4 | |
| Medicare | 55.6 | 44.9 | 56.4 | |
| Age <65 and Medicaid | 1.9 | 5.7 | 1.7 | |
| Age <65 and other type of insurance | 10.8 | 18.5 | 10.3 | |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| ST segment elevation | 90.3 | 91.8 | 90.1 | <.0001 |
| Left bundle branch block | 11.5 | 9.6 | 11.7 | <.0001 |
| Anterior infarction | 32.8 | 36.3 | 32.5 | <.0001 |
| No chest pain at presentation | 11.9 | 13.0 | 11.8 | <.0001 |
| Median systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 141 | 143 | 141 | <.0001 |
| Median diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82 | 84 | 82 | <.0001 |
| Median heart rate, beats/min | 80 | 81 | 80 | <.0001 |
| Admission Killip class | .034 | |||
| I | 81.4 | 81.0 | 81.5 | |
| II | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.9 | |
| III | 5.7 | 6.2 | 5.7 | |
| Time to presentation | <.0001 | |||
| Less than 3 h after symptoms | 72.5 | 69.2 | 72.8 | |
| 3–6 h after symptoms | 17.6 | 19.3 | 17.5 | |
| >6–12 h after symptoms | 9.9 | 11.5 | 9.8 | |
| Arrived at night (12:00 AM–7:59 AM) | 26.8 | 30.7 | 26.5 | <.0001 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Smoker | 32.9 | 39.9 | 32.4 | <.0001 |
| Diabetes | 22.2 | 31.5 | 21.5 | <.0001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 10.1 | 11.0 | 10.0 | .0003 |
| Stroke | 5.1 | 6.5 | 5.0 | <.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 22.4 | 23.4 | 22.3 | .004 |
| Hypertension | 48.5 | 64.5 | 47.4 | <.0001 |
| Angina | 13.5 | 11.6 | 13.6 | <.0001 |
| Coronary bypass surgery | 9.2 | 5.2 | 9.5 | <.0001 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 8.9 | 8.4 | 8.9 | .052 |
| Hospital characteristics | ||||
| Teaching status | <.0001 | |||
| Non-teaching | 56.7 | 43.1 | 57.6 | |
| Residency affiliated | 31.3 | 30.9 | 31.3 | |
| Council of Teaching | 12.0 | 25.9 | 11.1 | |
| Hospital member | ||||
| Ownership | <.0001 | |||
| Public | 11.9 | 19.0 | 11.4 | |
| Not-for-profit | 81.8 | 75.9 | 82.2 | |
| For-profit | 6.3 | 5.1 | 6.4 | |
| Annual myocardial infarction volume quartiles | <.0001 | |||
| 78 cases or fewer | 6.1 | 5.5 | 6.1 | |
| 79–133 cases | 14.6 | 15.6 | 14.5 | |
| 134–223 cases | 27.3 | 30.4 | 27.1 | |
| 224 cases or more | 52.0 | 48.4 | 52.2 | |
| Cardiac care facilities | <.0001 | |||
| No invasive capabilities | 14.8 | 8.2 | 15.2 | |
| Cardiac catheterization capable | 31.2 | 29.4 | 31.3 | |
| Coronary bypass surgery capable | 54.0 | 62.3 | 53.5 | |
| Located in metropolitan statistical area | 85.4 | 91.9 | 85.0 | <.0001 |
| Geographic location—US Census region | <.0001 | |||
| Northeast | 19.3 | 11.8 | 19.8 | |
| South | 32.6 | 53.0 | 31.2 | |
| Midwest | 27.6 | 24.4 | 27.9 | |
| West | 20.4 | 10.9 | 21.1 | |