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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Dec 8.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2008 Feb;66(4):873–884. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.11.029

Table 2.

Mortality risk (expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)) for husbands and wives for widowhood before and after adjusting for neighborhood concentration of widowhood individuals

Men
 Women
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Marital status (unadjusted for fraction widowed individuals)
 Married 1 1
 Widowed 1.18 1.16–1.20 1.16 1.14–1.18
Marital status (adjusted for fraction widowed individuals)
 Married 1 1
 Widowed 1.18 1.16–1.20 1.16 1.14–1.18

Note: all models include state, ZIP code, and individual random effects. Models also adjust for time-trends, age of the husbands and wives and the difference, co-morbidities scores for husbands and wives, days in hospital for husbands and wives, race, and couple’s poverty status, and neighborhood poverty.