Table 1.
Patents for using DNA techniques to authenticate high-value Chinese medicinal materials
| Medicinal material | Description of the patent | DNA techniques | Patent number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radix Et Rhizoma Ginseng (Renshen) | Distinguish Panax ginseng from Panax quinquefolius, distinguish Codonopsis species and adulterants | PCR-RFLP | US Patent 5876977 |
| Differentiate wild ginseng, cultivated ginseng, and adulterants | PCR-RFLP | Chinese Patent 200410016240 | |
| Distinguish Panax ginseng from Panax quinquefolius and adulterants | SCAR | US Patent 6803215 | |
| Caulis Dendrobii (Shihu) | Distinguish 16 Dendrobium species and adulterants from each other | PCR-RFLP | Chinese Patent 01102434 |
| Cordyceps (Dongchongxiacao) | Distinguish Cordyceps sinensis from seven related species | PCR-RFLP | Chinese Patent 99106135 |
| Distinguish Cordyceps sinensis from seven related species | PCR-RFLP | US Patent 6271003 | |
| Distinguish Cordyceps sinensis from seven related species | DNA sequencing | US Patent 6251606 | |
|
Colla Corii Asini (Ejiao) |
Distinguish Equus asinus from domestic animals | PCR-RFLP | Chinese Patent 03153838 |
|
Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Tianma) |
Distinguish Gastrodia eleata from adulterant Lycopus lucidus | SCAR | Chinese Patent 200510031346 |