PBMC (or CD4 negative PBMC) were stimulated with HIV peptides in the presence of anti-CTLA4 (or isotype control), then stained with anti-IFN-γ FITC, anti-TGF-β PE, IL-10 APC, anti-CD3 Am Cyan, anti-CD4 PerCP CY5.5, anti-CD8 PE CY7, and analyzed by flow cytomerty. Samples were first gated on the CD3+/CD8+ lymphocyte population then the percent of TGF-β, IL-10, and IFN-γ positive cells were determined. Results were expressed as percent of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells expressing TGF-β, IL-10, or IFN-γ after subtraction of the back ground. Representative plots of (A) Gag and (B) Nef-specific CD8+ T cells expressing TGF-β, IL-10, or IFN-γ in the presence or absence of anti-CTLA-4. Data plots shown are representative of three volunteers examined in three independent experiments yielding similar results.