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Variation in the bond valence sums (AV) as a function of the O2− parameter, u, of each of the ions in the spinels MgCr2O4 (top) and NiAl2O4 (bottom). The predicted value of u is the one which gives the bond valence sums for each ion that correspond to their atomic valence. With kind permission of Springer Science + Business Media from Phys. Chem. Miner. “Cation ordering in NiAl2O4 spinel by a 111 systematic row CBED technique” 27 (1999) 112, Tabira and Withers, Figure 4.
