Table 3.
vBMD and Microarchitecture
|
Unadjusted |
Adjusted* |
|||||
| White (mean ± SD) | Chinese (mean ± SD) | p value (white vs. Chinese) | White (least square mean ± SD) | Chinese (least square mean ± SD) | p value (white vs. Chinese) | |
| Radius | ||||||
| Densities | ||||||
| Average BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 321 ± 46 | 412 ± 70 | <0.0001 | 320 ± 71 | 418 ± 77 | <0.001 |
| Trabecular BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 137 ± 33 | 168 ± 41 | <0.01 | 131 ± 43 | 179 ± 46 | <0.01 |
| Cortical BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 915 ± 42 | 963 ± 46 | <0.0001 | 918 ± 50 | 959 ± 54 | <0.01 |
| Structure | ||||||
| Trabecular bone volume to tissue volume | 0.114 ± 0.028 | 0.140 ± 0.034 | <0.01 | 0.109 ± 0.035 | 0.149 ± 0.038 | <0.01 |
| Trabecular number (1/mm) | 1.84 ± 0.33 | 1.87 ± 0.32 | 0.73 | 1.76 ± 0.38 | 2.00 ± 0.41 | 0.06 |
| Trabecular thickness (mm) | 0.062 ± 0.009 | 0.075 ± 0.013 | <0.0001 | 0.062 ± 0.012 | 0.074 ± 0.013 | <0.01 |
| Trabecular spacing (mm) | 0.501 ± 0.125 | 0.476 ± 0.109 | 0.42 | 0.522 ± 0.141 | 0.440 ± 0.152 | 0.09 |
| Inhomogeneity of network (SD 1/Trab number) | 0.226 ± 0.123 | 0.212 ± 0.107 | 0.64 | 0.236 ± 0.142 | 0.195 ± 0.153 | 0.37 |
| Cortical thickness (mm) | 0.80 ± 0.14 | 0.98 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | 0.78 ± 0.18 | 1.0 ± 0.19 | <0.001 |
| Total area (mm2) | 232 ± 33 | 197 ± 34 | <0.001 | 223 ± 38 | 207 ± 41 | 0.22 |
| Tibia | ||||||
| Densities | ||||||
| Average BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 275 ± 40 | 322 ± 59 | <0.001 | 268 ± 60 | 337 ± 61 | <0.001 |
| Trabecular BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 148 ± 35 | 170 ± 36 | 0.03 | 139 ± 40 | 185 ± 41 | <0.001 |
| Cortical BMD (mg HA/cm3) | 901 ± 34 | 921 ± 32 | 0.02 | 901 ± 40 | 923 ± 41 | 0.10 |
| Structure | ||||||
| Trabecular bone volume to tissue volume | 0.124 ± 0.029 | 0.142 ± 0.030 | 0.03 | 0.116 ± 0.033 | 0.154 ± 0.034 | <0.001 |
| Trabecular number (1/mm) | 1.81 ± 0.31 | 1.77 ± 0.25 | 0.59 | 1.70 ± 0.29 | 1.91 ± 0.30 | 0.03 |
| Trabecular thickness (mm) | 0.068 ± 0.012 | 0.080 ± 0.016 | <0.01 | 0.068 ± 0.015 | 0.082 ± 0.016 | <0.01 |
| Trabecular spacing (mm) | 0.500 ± 0.102 | 0.496 ± 0.078 | 0.84 | 0.535 ± 0.097 | 0.449 ± 0.099 | <0.01 |
| Inhomogeneity of network (SD 1/Trab number) | 0.226 ± 0.071 | 0.220 ± 0.041 | 0.71 | 0.249 ± 0.064 | 0.191 ± 0.065 | <0.01 |
| Cortical thickness (mm) | 1.1 ± 0.17 | 1.2 ± 0.24 | <0.01 | 1.03 ± 0.26 | 1.26 ± 0.26 | <0.01 |
| Total area (mm2) | 660 ± 82 | 596 ± 100 | 0.01 | 634 ± 98 | 615 ± 101 | 0.55 |
* Adjusted for age, weight, age of menarche, sport index, tobacco use, PTH, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.