TABLE 3.

Reversal agents

Agent	Dose (route)	Onset/duration	Comments
Naloxone	1–100 μg/kg every 1–2 min (IV, IM, ET)	1–3 min/15–120 min	Low dose maintains analgesia
Flumazenil	0.01–0.02 mg/kg every 1–2 min (IV)	1–2 min/20–120 min	May induce seizures

ET Endotracheal; IN Intranasal; IM Intramuscular; IV Intravenous; PO Oral; PR Rectal