FIG. 7.

Grafting of mASCs in tibial defects. (a) Green fluorescent protein–positive mASCs were expanded under 21% and 1% O₂ conditions with or without NaB (1 mM) or VPA (1 mM) for 48 h, followed by grafting into a mouse monocortical tibial defect. (b) Histomorphometric quantification of new bone formation, as pixels new bone per 10 × field. (c) Histology of defects without grafted cells (Empty), with mouse whole-calvarial-derived osteoblasts (OBs), or mASCs expanded at 21% or 1% oxygen, with or without NaB or VPA treatment (1 mM). In Pentachrome staining, bone within the defect site appears yellow. In adjacent Aniline Blue staining, bone within the defect site appears dark blue. Dashed black lines demarcate the edges of the defect, while dashed white lines encircle new bone within the defect site. Error bars represent one standard deviation, *p ≤ 0.05. Color images available online at www.liebertonline.com/ten.