Table 4.
Summary of Latent Means Analyses: Unstandardized Factor Means and Standardized Effect Sizes, by Group
| Grandchild gender | Grandchild age | Grandmother race | Grandmother age | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys vs. Girlsa | 4-7 vs. 8-11a | 4-7 vs. 12-17a | 8-11 vs. 12-17a | White | Black | ≤ 55 | > 55 | |||||
| Factor mean | Effect size | Factor mean | Effect size | Factor mean | Effect size | Factor mean | Effect size | Factor mean | Effect size | Factor mean | Effect size | |
| Grandchild externalizing problems | .49/.54 | .26/.29 | .81 | .42 | .73 | .38 | .46/.60 | .24/.31 | .40 | .21 | ||
| Grandchild internalizing problems | .43/.46 | .23/.24 | -.41 | .24 | .56 | .30 | .70/.79 | .38/.42 | ||||
| Grandmother psychological distress | 1.26 | .46 | ||||||||||
| −.290 | 1.13 | 2.13 | .80 | −.53/−.76 | .22/.32 | −.98 | .12 | |||||
| Dysfunctional parenting | ||||||||||||
| Social support | ||||||||||||
| Family dysfunction | 1.03/.52 | .35/.19 | ||||||||||
Note: Entries are shown for statistically significant (p < .05) group differences only. Effects were computed with adjustments for the measured and/or latent antecedents as per the structural model. For comparisons of White and Black grandmothers, entries to the left of the slash are for the original model, and entries to the right of the slash are for the revised model as suggested by Lagrange Multiplier test results (p < .05).
a
Entered as the reference group in the analysis.