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Characteristics of hemodynamic and incidence of side effects among two groups during the study period
| Group A n= 25 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 0.2 ml normal saline | Group B n= 25 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 0.2 ml (20mg) tramadol | |
|---|---|---|
| Bradycardia (heart rate < 60 b.p.m) | 3 patients | 4 patients |
| Hypotension (fall of b.p. > 20% from baseline) | 8 (40%) | 9 (45%) |
| Respiratory rate/min | ||
| Mean ± S.D. | 12 ± 2.3 | 13 ± 1.2 |
| Sedation score | ||
| Mean ± S.D. | 2 ± 0.5 | 2 ± 0.2 |
