Table 1. Clinical characteristics of ARIC participants by Albuminuria and Presence of Type 2 Diabetes and Atherosclerosis.
| Characteristic | Type 2 Diabetes | No Diabetes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marked Atherosclerosis | No Marked Atherosclerosis | Marked Atherosclerosis | No Marked Atherosclerosis | |||||
| No. | No Albuminuria 701 |
Albuminuria 169 |
No Albuminuria 1171 |
Albuminuria 169 |
No Albuminuria 1881 |
Albuminuria 151 |
No Albuminuria 5623 |
Albuminuria 248 |
| Demographic | ||||||||
| Age, mean(SD),y | 65.0 (5.5) | 65.8 (5.0) | 62.8 (5.5) | 62.7 (5.9) | 64.6 (5.5) | 66.2 (5.3)§§§ | 61.8 (5.5) | 63.2 (5.8) ‡‡‡ |
| Male, No. (%) | 330 (47.1) | 99 (58.6) †† | 498 (42.5) | 78 (46.2) | 892 (47.4) | 80 (53.0) | 2361 (42.0) | 97 (39.1) |
| African American, No. (%) | 153 (21.8) | 40 (23.7) | 285 (24.3) | 73 (43.2)*** | 322 (17.1) | 36 (23.8) § | 976 (17.4) | 76 (30.7) ‡‡‡ |
| Prevalent Disease | ||||||||
| Hypertension Medication Use, No. (%) | 468 (66.8) | 139 (82.3) ††† | 616 (52.6) | 124 (73.4)*** | 934 (49.7) | 114 (75.5) §§§ | 1690 (30.1) | 126 (50.8) ‡‡‡ |
| Prevalent CHD, No. (%) | 202 (28.8) | 79 (46.8) ††† | 472 (25.1) | 57 (37.8) §§ | ||||
| Clinical Characteristics | ||||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 132.1 (19.4) | 139.8 (20.3) ††† | 129.7 (17.5) | 139.5 (21.1) *** | 128.9 (18.9) | 141.1 (25.1) §§§ | 123.6 (17.3) | 137.4 (23.5) ‡‡‡ |
| DBP (mmgHg) | 68.5 (10.6) | 71.3 (12.1) †† | 71.0 (10.0) | 74.2 (11.7) *** | 70.0 (10.5) | 73.0 (13.4) §§ | 70.9 (9.7) | 76.0 (12.5) ‡‡‡ |
| Height (cm) | 166.8 (9.1) | 168.2 (9.0) | 167.5 (9.4) | 168.2 (10.9) | 167.7 (9.4) | 167.4 (9.1) | 167.8 (9.4) | 166.2 (9.2) ‡ |
| Diabetes-Related Characteristics | ||||||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 30.7 (5.7) | 31.4 (6.0) | 30.6 (5.8) | 31.5 (6.3) | 28.2 (5.2) | 26.9 (5.2) §§ | 27.9 (5.2) | 27.7 (5.8) |
| Fasting Glucose (mg/dL) | 139.7 (44.6) | 153.4 (54.5) ††† | 137.0 (49.6) | 156.3 (64.0) *** | 98.8 (8.8) | 99.0 (9.9) | 97.7 (8.7) | 99.1 (9.1)‡ |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 17.8 (14.2) | 22.0 (17.3) †† | 16.3 (10.7) | 21.9 (24.8) *** | 11.6 (9.4) | 11.5 (6.8) | 10.9 (6.6) | 11.9 (7.5)‡ |
| Lipid Profiles | ||||||||
| Total Cholesterol | 200.1 (39.5) | 196.6 (36.5) | 198.4 (36.1) | 200.1 (42.1) | 202.2 (36.5) | 200.4 (39.9) | 201.0 (35.7) | 200.3 (35.5) |
| Triglycerides mg/dL, median (25, 75%ile) | 145 (107, 201) | 165 (122, 241) †† | 139 (99, 199) | 135 (101, 200) | 123 (91, 169) | 116 (83, 161) | 113 (83, 159) | 114 (87, 161) |
| HDL Cholesterol | 44.0 (13.5) | 42.6 (14.6) | 46.4 (14.5) | 46.5 (15.8) | 49.0 (15.2) | 51.1 (20.3) | 52.7 (17.1) | 52.2 (17.2) |
| LDL Cholesterol | 124.0 (35.1) | 117.9 (32.0) † | 121.2 (32.4) | 121.8 (38.8) | 125.8 (33.6) | 123.6 (37.7) | 122.5 (33.0) | 121.8 (32.0) |
| Renal Function | ||||||||
| GFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 81.9 (19.5) | 74.8 (26.0) ††† | 85.5 (17.9) | 81.2 (26.0)** | 81.7 (17.8) | 72.2 (23.7) §§§ | 82.4 (16.3) | 79.9 (22.3) ‡ |
| Serum Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.2 (1.1) ††† | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.8) *** | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.6) §§§ | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.5) ‡‡‡ |
| Urinary Albumin (mg/L) | 5.9 (8.1) | 460.2 (1018.3) ††† | 5.0 (7.7) | 272.1 (516.1) *** | 4.5 (6.7) | 172.8 (311.8) §§§ | 3.5 (5.0) | 144.7 (311.3) ‡‡‡ |
| Urinary Creatinine (mg/dL) | 108.0 (65.6) | 109.1 (61.6) | 104.2 (67.2) | 100.5 (57.9) | 97.1 (65.9) | 90.4 (58.1) | 92.1 (67.0) | 92.1 (65.7) |
| Lifestyle Characteristics | ||||||||
| Current Smoking, N(%) | 104 (14.8) | 33 (19.5) | 128 (10.9) | 31 (18.3)** | 328 (17.4) | 50 (33.1) §§§ | 764 (13.6) | 55 (22.2) ‡‡‡ |
Data are means (SD) or number (%).
Comparing Characteristics By Albuminuria Status:
Type 2 Diabetes, Atherosclerosis: †P<0.05; ††P<0.01; †††P<0.001
Type 2 Diabetes, No Atherosclerosis: * P< 0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001
No Diabetes, Atherosclerosis: § P< 0.05; §§P<0.01; §§§P<0.001
No Diabetes, No Atherosclerosis: ‡P< 0.05; ‡‡P<0.01; ‡‡‡P<0.001