Table 3. Univariate and Multivariate Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for Marked Carotid Atherosclerosis (Upper quartile of Carotid IMT) by Prevalent CHD.
| Prevalent CHD (N=810) |
No CHD (N=9303) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |
| Risk Factor | ||||
| Albuminuria (yes v no) | 1.20 (0.83 - 1.75) | 0.83 (0.54 - 1.27) | 1.57 (1.31 - 1.88)*** | 0.96 (0.78 - 1.17) |
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (per 5-y increase) | 1.42 (1.24 - 1.62)*** | 1.38 (1.19 - 1.60)*** | 1.60 (1.53 - 1.67)*** | 1.55 (1.48 - 1.63)*** |
| Male (v female) | 0.79 (0.58 - 1.06) | 0.69 (0.48 - 1.01) | 0.94 (0.85 - 1.04) | 0.83 (0.74 - 0.93)** |
| African American (v white) | 0.68 (0.45 - 1.01) | 0.63 (0.39 - 1.00)* | 1.03 (0.91 - 1.17) | 0.97 (0.84 - 1.12) |
| Prevalent Disease | ||||
| Type 2 Diabetes (yes v no) | 1.27 (0.95 - 1.71) | 0.96 (0.65 - 1.44) | 1.72 (1.53 - 1.92)*** | 1.24 (1.07 - 1.43)** |
| Clinical Characteristics | ||||
| Hypertension Medication Use (yes v no) | 1.88 (1.33 - 2.67)*** | 1.59 (1.08 - 2.33)* | 1.79 (1.62 - 1.98)*** | 1.36 (1.22 - 1.52)*** |
| JNC6 Blood Pressure (mmHg) Categories | ||||
| Optimal (reference) SBP<120 & DBP<80 |
1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Normal SBP 120-129 and DBP 80-84 |
1.13 (0.77 - 1.66) | 1.13 (0.76 - 1.70) | 1.45 (1.26 - 1.66)*** | 1.27 (1.10 - 1.47)** |
| High Normal SBP 130-139 or DBP 85-89 |
1.23 (0.80 - 1.88) | 1.19 (0.76 - 1.87) | 1.70 (1.47 - 1.97)*** | 1.36 (1.17 - 1.59)*** |
| Stage 1 Hypertension SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-99 |
2.24 (1.49 - 3.37)*** | 2.07 (1.34 - 3.20)** | 2.21 (1.92 - 2.54)*** | 1.63 (1.41 - 1.90)*** |
| Stage 2 Hypertension SBP 160-179 or DBP 100-109 |
2.00 (1.08 - 3.70)* | 1.91 (1.00 - 3.68) | 2.86 (2.31 - 3.55)*** | 1.87 (1.48 - 2.35)*** |
| Stage 3 Hypertension SBP >=180 or DBP >=110 |
5.33 (1.38 - 20.55)* | 4.72 (1.13 - 19.72)* | 3.88 (2.48 - 6.07)*** | 2.40 (1.50 - 3.84)*** |
| Diabetes-Related Characteristics | ||||
| Body mass index, (per 1-unit increase, kg/m2) | 1.01 (0.98 - 1.03) | 1.00 (0.97 - 1.03) | 1.02 (1.01 - 1.03)*** | 1.01 (1.00 - 1.02) |
| Fasting Glucose (per 10 mg/dL increase) | 1.01 (0.98 - 1.05) | 1.01 (0.96 - 1.06) | 1.05 (1.04 - 1.07)*** | 1.01 (0.99 - 1.03) |
| Insulin (per 10 μU/mL increase) | 1.08 (0.99 - 1.19) | 1.07 (0.96 - 1.18) | 1.13 (1.07 - 1.19)*** | 1.01 (0.95 - 1.08) |
| Lipid Profiles | ||||
| Loge (Triglycerides, mg/dL) (per unit increase) | 1.41 (1.04 - 1.91)* | 1.18 (0.80 - 1.74) | 1.42 (1.28 - 1.58)*** | 1.15 (1.01 - 1.31)* |
| HDL Cholesterol (per 10 mg/dL increase) | 0.94 (0.85 - 1.05) | 0.95 (0.82 - 1.10) | 0.92 (0.89 - 0.94)*** | 0.94 (0.91 - 0.98)** |
| GFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | ||||
| High Normal (≥120) | 1.27 (0.56 - 2.89) | 1.46 (0.61 - 3.50) | 1.33 (0.97 - 1.81) | 1.17 (0.84 - 1.62) |
| Normal (90 - 119, reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Mildly Decreased (60 - 89) | 1.12 (0.80 - 1.56) | 1.00 (0.70 - 1.42) | 0.91 (0.82 - 1.02) | 0.91 (0.81 - 1.01) |
| Moderately/Severly Decreased (<60) | 1.46 (0.95 - 2.23) | 0.93 (0.58 - 1.51) | 1.84 (1.54 - 2.20)*** | 1.16 (0.95 - 1.41) |
| Lifestyle Characteristics | ||||
| Current Smoking (yes v no) | 1.03 (0.70 - 1.53) | 1.38 (0.90 - 2.12) | 1.46 (1.29 - 1.67)*** | 1.83 (1.59 - 2.11)*** |
*
P< 0.05;
**
P<0.01;
***
P<0.001