Fig. 5.

Effect of HE2000 in RA-popliteal lymph node (PLN) assay. HE2000 (3 mg) was injected into the right footpad along with a subsensitizing dose of trinitrophenol–ovalbumin (TNP–OVA) conjugate (10 µg in a total volume of 50 µl). Seven days later, PLN were harvested. Numbers of T or B lymphocytes (a), CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio (b), CD8⁺/CD19⁺ ratio (c), antigen-presenting cells (APC) (d), TNP-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibody secreting cells (ASC) (e), interleukin (IL)-4/interferon (IF)-γ ratio (f) or IL-4 and IFN-γ levels (g, h) were determined by flow cytometry of live cells in suspension, enzyme-linked immunospot assay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data are expressed as total cells, ASC/lymph node, or as pg/ml, respectively. Each bar represents mean values ± standard error of the mean of five mice per group. Similar studies were performed twice with similar results.