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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2009 Dec;11(6):433–441. doi: 10.1007/s11894-009-0067-6

Table 1.

Etiological classification of gastric acid hypersecretory states

  1. Associated With Hypergastrinemia

    1. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

    2. Antral G cell hyperplasia/hyperfunction

    3. Helicobacter pylori infection

    4. Gastric outlet obstruction

    5. Short-bowel syndrome

    6. Retained gastric antrum syndrome

    7. Chronic renal failure (rare)

    8. Cysteamine treatment in children with cystinosis

  2. Associated With Hyperhistaminemia

    1. Systemic mastocytosis

    2. Basophilic granulocytic leukemia

  3. Unknown Etiology

    1. Idiopathic hypersecretion

    2. Associated with non-gastrin secreting tumor (non-ZES tumor)

    3. Rebound hypersecretion

    4. Possible association with gastric hypersecretory states

      1. Hypertrophic, hypersecretory gastropathy

      2. Associated with stress

      3. Associated with head lesions

      4. Cystic fibrosis