TABLE 4.
Age and weight status group–specific associations of dietary approaches to weight control with subsequent weight change among 4456 adolescent and young adult females in the Growing Up Today Study (2001–2005)1
| 14–17.9 y (n = 2578) |
18–22 y (n = 1878) |
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| Combined with exercising more than weekly |
Combined with exercising ≥5 times/wk |
Combined with exercising more than weekly |
Combined with exercising ≥5 times/wk |
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| Not overweight | Overweight | Not overweight | Overweight | Not overweight | Overweight | Not overweight | Overweight | |
| Low-calorie diet | −0.1 (−0.9, 0.6) | −0.5 (−1.7, 2.7) | −0.5 (−1.6, 0.6) | −2.0 (−4.9, 0.8) | −0.2 (−1.0, 0.3) | −0.3 (−2.9, 2.4) | −1.7 (−2.6, −0.8) | −3.0 (−6.3, −0.13) |
| Low-fat diet | −0.4 (−1.0, 0.3) | −0.3 (−1.9, 2.5) | −0.6 (−1.6, 0.4) | −1.8 (−4.5, 0.9) | −0.3 (−1.0, 0.4) | −1.7 (−4.3, 1.0) | −1.8 (−2.8, −0.9) | −4.3 (−7.8, −0.8) |
| No snacks or desserts | −0.04 (−0.7, 0.6) | −0.04 (−2.1, 2.0) | −0.1 (−1.0, 0.8) | −1.6 (−4.6, 1.3) | −0.2 (−0.8, 0.5) | −0.9 (−3.6, 1.8) | −1.7 (−2.6, −0.8) | −3.8 (−7.4, −0.3) |
| Limited portion sizes | −0.7 (−1.4, 0.0) | −0.2 (−2.7, 2.2) | −0.4 (−1.6, 0.4) | −2.0 (−4.9, 0.8) | 0.0 (−0.7, 0.7) | −0.5 (−3.2, 2.3) | −2.0 (−3.0, −1.0) | −6.02 (−9.6, −2.5) |
| Skip meals | −0.2 (−1.0, 0.5) | −0.1 (−2.7, 2.5) | −0.2 (−1.5, 1.0) | −1.5 (−6.2, 3.1) | −0.4 (−1.1, 0.4) | 0.6 (−2.4, 3.6) | −1.9 (−3.2, −0.5) | −2.5 (−6.4, 1.5) |
1
The average weight change (converted from pounds to kilograms by dividing by 2.2) was measured in kilograms over 4 y, and the 95% CI (in parentheses) was obtained from mixed models that controlled for age, previous weight change, height change, and television time.
2
P = 0.07 for interaction with weight status within age group.