TABLE 1.

Baseline characteristics of incident diabetes cases and noncases, the MEC Study, 1993 – 2007¹

	Caucasian, n = 29,759		Japanese American, n = 35,244		Native Hawaiian n = 10,509
Characteristics	Men, n = 15,116	Women, n = 14,643	Men, n = 16,572	Women, n = 18,672	Men, n = 4568	Women, n = 5941	All
Diabetes status, %
Cases	7.1	4.9	16.2	12.7	17.5	15.9	11.4
Noncases	92.9	95.1	83.9	87.3	82.5	84.1	88.6
Age, y
45–54	44.8	47.1	32.8	32.4	50.5	53.2	40.6
55–64	27.8	26.7	28.0	30.5	29.2	28.3	28.4
65+	27.5	26.2	39.2	37.1	20.3	18.6	31.0
Education, y
≤12	19.0	23.2	39.1	41.2	47.6	52.4	34.1
13–15	29.0	34.3	28.8	28.1	31.9	30.1	30.0
>15	52.0	42.5	32.1	30.7	20.6	17.5	35.9
BMI, kg/m2
<25.0	47.2	62.5	57.6	73.9	26.7	38.6	57.1
25.0–29.9	40.6	25.1	36.7	21.4	44.2	33.4	31.6
≥30	12.3	12.5	5.7	4.6	29.1	28.0	11.2
Physical activity, MET2	1.6 (1.4, 1.8)	1.6 (1.4, 1.8)	1.6 (1.5, 1.8)	1.6 (1.4, 1.7)	1.7 (1.5, 1.9)	1.6 (1.4, 1.8)	1.6 (1.4, 1.8)
Dietary intake
Total energy, kJ	9045 (7000, 11680)	7144 (5576, 9189)	9052 (7077, 11488)	7150 (5604, 9140)	10628 (7774, 14379)	8625 (6292, 11865)	8167 (6230, 10739)
Dietary fiber, g/(4184 kJ · d)	10.3 (8.0, 13.1)	12.0 (9.5, 15.2)	8.7 (6.7, 11.4)	11.3 (8.8, 14.2)	8.1 (6.3, 10.6)	10.1 (7.8, 13.2)	10.4 (7.9, 13.4)
Grain fiber, g/(4184 kJ · d)	3.1 (2.2, 4.5)	3.4 (2.4, 4.9)	2.7 (1.9, 4.0)	3.2 (2.3, 4.5)	2.4 (1.8, 3.6)	2.8 (2.1, 4.0)	3.0 (2.1, 4.4)
Fruit fiber, g/(4184 kJ · d)	1.8 (0.9, 3.1)	2.6 (1.4, 4.2)	1.7 (0.8, 3.1)	2.9 (1.5, 4.6)	1.4 (0.7, 2.6)	2.1 (1.1, 3.7)	2.2 (1.1, 3.7)
Vegetable fiber, g/(4184 kJ · d)	3.2 (2.3, 4.4)	3.9 (2.8, 5.3)	2.8 (2.1, 3.8)	3.6 (2.6, 4.8)	2.7 (2.0, 3.7)	3.4 (2.4, 4.7)	3.3 (2.4, 4.5)
Magnesium, mg/(4184 kJ · d)	158 (137, 184)	174 (150, 200)	149 (130, 174)	165 (143, 192)	140 (123, 162)	153 (132, 179)	159 (137, 186)
Daily GL	150 (112, 198)	125 (94, 165)	173 (132, 225)	144 (111, 186)	193 (136, 265)	163 (116, 230)	151 (112, 202)

¹Data are percentages or median (interquartile range).

²Metabolic equivalents of tasks.