Table 1.

Hemodynamic effects of left ventricular volume overload

Functional Index	Control	LVVO (Acute)	LVVO (1 h)
CO, l/min	2.2±0.2	2.9±0.1†	2.3±0.3‡
Systolic AoP, mmHg	94±7	94±8	83±3†‡
Diastolic AoP, mmHg	73±6	67±5†	59±2†
LV EDP, mmHg	7.6±1.4	8.5±1.4†	7.6±0.6†
LV dP/dtmax, mmHg/s	703±57	743±59†	635±54†‡
RV EDP, mmHg	3.9±0.6	4.3±1.0	2.4±0.6
RV dP/dtmax, mmHg/s	143±14	148±4	138±13†‡
Interventricular synchrony (APP)*	0.48±0.07	0.47±0.07	0.46±0.04

Values are mean ± SE. LVVO, left ventricular volume overload; CO, cardiac output (systemic plus retrograde flow); AoP, aortic pressure; LV, left ventricle; EDP, end-diastolic pressure; dP/dt_max, maximum rate of ventricular pressure increase; RV, right ventricle; A_PP, area of the normalized right-left ventricular pressure diagram.

^*Positive A_PP indicates RV preceding LV pressure.

^†P < 0.05 vs. control.

^‡P < 0.05 vs. LVVO (Acute).