Fig. 9.

Effect of a forest bathing trip on adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations in urine. a Effect of a forest bathing trip on urinary adrenaline concentration in male subjects (n = 12), b effect of a city trip on urinary adrenaline concentration in male subjects (n = 11), c effect of a forest bathing trip on urinary adrenaline concentration in female subjects (n = 13), d effect of a forest bathing trip on urinary noradrenaline concentration in female subjects (n = 13). Data are presented as the mean ± SE. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, significantly different from before the trip by paired t test. Cited from Li et al. [3] and [4]