. 2009 Jun 7;120(2):227–237. doi: 10.1007/s00122-009-1074-6

Table 4.

Generation means analysis using RILs and RIL-TCs

Parameters	DW15	LA06	LA08	LA10
Model 1
μ	1.56 ± 0.02**	3.61 ± 0.07**	8.99 ± 0.19**	20.25 ± 0.45**
[a]	−0.01 ± 0.04	−0.15 ± 0.14	−0.33 ± 0.38	−0.42 ± 0.87
[d]	0.90 ± 0.06**	2.21 ± 0.19**	5.78 ± 0.53**	13.06 ± 1.23*
R ² (%)	98.2	96.3	96.0	95.9
χ²₍₅₎ ^a	103.0****	76.6****	127.0****	144.9****
Model 2
μ	1.52 ± 0.02**	3.45 ± 0.05**	8.48 ± 0.15**	19.09 ± 0.26**
[a]	−0.01 ± 0.02	−0.16 ± 0.06	−0.32 ± 0.17	−0.40 ± 0.31
[d]	0.82 ± 0.03**	1.96 ± 0.21**	4.91 ± 0.32**	11.12 ± 0.55**
[aa]	0.20 ± 0.05*	0.67 ± 0.15*	2.19 ± 0.49*	4.95 ± 0.85**
R ² (%)	99.6	99.4	99.3	99.6
χ²₍₄₎ ^a	20.7***	13.3*	21.6***	15.2*

Generation means were calculated without cytoplasma effect c, which was not significant in the exploratory analysis. Parameters included are overall mean μ, overall additive effect [a], overall dominance effect [d], overall additive × additive epistasis [aa] (model 2 only)

****,***,**,* Significant at P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively

^a χ² statistic with degrees of freedom in parentheses