Figure 3. Assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in erythroid cells following incubation with hemozoin.

A, Relative levels of ROS were determined using the fluorescent dye 2, 7-dichlorofluoroscein diacetate. The mean fluorescence intensity relative to media controls at each time point is shown. B, Viable erythroid cells in the same cultures with controls (MEDIA) or with 6µg/ml hemozoin (HZ). C, The proportion of late erythroblasts (CD71^loCD235a⁺) and D, the total number of CD235a⁺ erythroid cells in culture on day 14 when treated with the anti-oxidant vitamin E. Cells were incubated with 6µg/ml hemozoin on day 0 or with the same dose of hemozoin after pre incubation with 30µM vitamin E and normalized to media controls in the absence or presence of vitamin E respectively. The averages of 3 independent experiments with SEMs are shown. A * p = 0.021, B *** p = 0.0003 C * p = 0.0278 and D * p = 0.0236.