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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Future Med Chem. 2009 Sep 1;1(6):1095–1111. doi: 10.4155/fmc.09.83

Table 2.

Biological matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Inhibitor Expression Tissue distribution Location Specificity/function
TIMP1 Inducible Wide distribution Secreted Inhibits most MMPs well,
except MMP14, 15, 16,
19 and 24; ADAM10
TIMP2 Constituted Wide distribution Secreted/cell membrane Inhibits most MMPs;
ADAM12; activates
MMP2, 3 and 13
TIMP3 Inducible Wide distribution Extracellular matrix Inhibits all MMPs;
ADAM10, 12 and 17;
ADAMST2, 4 and 5
TIMP4 Highly regulated
and restricted		 Heart, brain, ovary, kidney,
testes, fat, pancreas and colon		 Secreted/cell membrane Inhibits all MMPs

ADAM: A disintegrin and a metalloproteinase; MMP: Matrix metalloproteinase; TIMP: Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase.