IRRs for ESRD in those with 25(OH)D levels <15 ng/ml compared with those with levels ≥15 ng/ml after various levels of propensity score adjustment are shown. Adjusted 1 includes age, gender, race/ethnicity, and season. Adjusted 2 includes the variables in adjusted 1 and hypertension, diabetes, BMI, HDL cholesterol, eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, serum albumin, log urinary ACR, log CRP, level of physical activity, vitamin D supplement use, and low SES.