Table 2.
Socio-demographic predictors of alcohol dependence by baseline stage of use (conditional models).
| T2 onset of alcohol dependence among T1 non-users |
T2 onset of alcohol dependence among T1 non-abusive users |
T2 onset of alcohol dependence among T1 non-dependent abusers |
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | LOWOR | UPOR | χ2 | P-value | OR | LOWOR | UPOR | χ2 | P-value | OR | LOWOR | UPOR | X2 | P-value | |
| Age (years) | |||||||||||||||
| 15–24 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 33.1 | 0.7 | 0.696 | 8.7 | 1.9 | 39.7 | 17.0 | 0.001 | 9.5 | 1.3 | 71.4 | 5.7 | 0.128 |
| 25–34 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 17.4 | – | – | 13.8 | 3.6 | 53.6 | – | – | 4.2 | 0.7 | 25.4 | – | – |
| 35–44 | – | – | – | – | – | 4.1 | 1.042 | 16.5 | – | – | 1.7 | 0.3 | 9.7 | – | – |
| Male | 4.5 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 7.7 | 0.006 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 0.3 | 0.601 | 0.965 | 0.3 | 3.6 | 0.0 | 0.957 |
| Student | 2.6 | 0.6 | 11.6 | 1.6 | 0.456 | 4.8 | 1.5 | 15.5 | 9.7 | 0.008 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 14.7 | 15.3 | 0.000 |
| Homemaker/other employment | 2.0 | 0.2 | 25.9 | – | – | 2.3 | 0.9 | 5.9 | – | – | 5.3 | 2.2 | 13.0 | – | – |
| 0 Children | 33.2 | 1.5 | 717.7 | 5.3 | 0.021 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 0.294 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.997 | 5.1 | 0.077 |
| 1 Child | – | – | – | – | – | 2.0 | 0.6 | 6.4 | – | – | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.4 | – | – |
| Northeeast region | 0.7 | 0.1 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 0.115 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 9.2 | 4.2 | 0.242 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 5.7 | 0.129 |
| South region | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.7 | – | – | 3.0 | 0.9 | 10.5 | – | – | 0.3 | 0.0 | 2.6 | – | – |
| West region | 0.6 | 0.1 | 2.8 | – | – | 3.5 | 0.8 | 15.0 | – | – | 1.6 | 0.2 | 15.9 | – | – |
| Metro area | 0.6 | 0.1 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 0.363 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 0.138 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 4.8 | 6.0 | 0.110 |
| Urban area | 2.2 | 0.5 | 8.9 | – | – | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.3 | – | – | 2.8 | 0.7 | 11.0 | – | – |
| Rural area | 1.5 | 0.2 | 10.0 | – | – | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.6 | – | – | 3.5 | 0.5 | 24.0 | – | – |
| Weekly smoke without dependence | 7.4 | 2.6 | 21.1 | 22.0 | 0.000 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 5.0 | 23.2 | 0.000 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 8.4 | 3.8 | 0.153 |
| Tobacco dependence | 6.3 | 2.3 | 17.2 | – | – | 4.2 | 2.3 | 7.8 | – | – | 3.2 | 0.9 | 11.9 | – | – |
| Alcohol use onset early | – | – | – | – | – | 1.9 | 0.6 | 5.8 | 2.2 | 0.335 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 8.5 | 0.014 |
| Alcohol use onset average | – | – | – | – | – | 2.2 | 0.7 | 6.7 | – | – | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2.8 | – | – |
| Alcohol abuse onset early | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.3 | 0.3 | 6.2 | 1.3 | 0.511 |
| Alcohol abuse onset average | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.7 | – | – |
| Alcohol abuse last 12 months | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 22.8 | 4.8 | 108.2 | 16.5 | 0.000 |
| Alcohol abuse last 1–5 years | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6.7 | 2.3 | 20.1 | – | – |
| No. drinks daily/year | – | – | – | – | – | 1.1 | 1.002 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 0.039 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 18.9 | 0.000 |
| Number of cases | 1248 | 2066 | 669 | ||||||||||||
| Number of alcohol-dependent cases | 22 | 57 | 25 | ||||||||||||
OR: odds ratio; LOWOR: lower bound OR based on 95% confidence intervals; UPOR: upper bound OR based on 95% confidence intervals.