Table 3.
Systemic chemotherapy with single agents for biliary tract cancer
| Agent | n | Response rate | MST (months) | Study design | Evidence level | Author | Year | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluorouracil | ||||||||
| 5-FU | 18 | 0% | – | RCT | Level II | Takada | 1994 | 19 |
| 5-FU/LV/HU | 30 | 30% | 8.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Gebbia | 1996 | 22 |
| 5-FU/α-IFN | 32 | 34% | 12.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Patt | 1996 | 23 |
| 5-FU/LV | 18 | 33% | 7.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Chen | 1998 | 24 |
| 5-FU/LV | 28 | 32% | 6.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Choi | 2000 | 25 |
| 5-FU/FA | 30 | 7% | 14.8 | Cohort study | Level III | Malik | 2003 | 26 |
| UFT/LV | 13 | 0% | 6.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Mani | 1999 | 5 |
| UFT/LV | 16 | 0% | 4.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Chen | 2003 | 6 |
| Capecitabine | 26 | 19% | CC, 8.1; GB, 9.9 | Cohort study | Level III | Patt | 2004 | 27 |
| S-1 | 19 | 21% | 8.3 | Cohort study | Level III | Ueno | 2004 | 28 |
| UFT | 19 | 5% | 8.8 | Cohort study | Level III | Ikeda | 2005 | 7 |
| S-1 | 40 | 0% | 9.4 | Cohort study | Level III | Furuse | in press | 9 |
| Taxanes | ||||||||
| Paclitaxel | 15 | 0% | – | Cohort study | Level III | Jones | 1996 | 29 |
| Docetaxel | 16 | 0% | – | Cohort study | Level III | Pazdur | 1999 | 30 |
| Docetaxel | 24 | 20% | 8.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Papakostas | 2001 | 31 |
| Gemcitabine | ||||||||
| Gemcitabine (800 mg/m2) | 30 | 30% | 14.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Tsavaris | 2004 | 32 |
| Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) | 25 | 36% | 7.0 | Cohort study | Level III | Gallardo | 2001 | 33 |
| Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) | 24 | 13% | 7.2 | Cohort study | Level III | Lin | 2003 | 34 |
| Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) | 40 | 18% | 7.6 | Cohort study | Level III | Okusaka | 2006 | 8 |
| Gemcitabine (1200 mg/m2) | 19 | 6% | 6.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Raderer | 1999 | 35 |
| Gemcitabine (2200mg/m2) | 15 | 0% | 4.6 | Cohort study | Level III | Eng | 2004 | 36 |
| Gemcitabine (2200 mg/m2) | 32 | 22% | 11.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Penz | 2001 | 27 |
| Others | ||||||||
| Mitomycin C | 30 | 10% | 4.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Taal | 1993 | 38 |
| Cisplatin | 13 | 8% | 5.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Okada | 1994 | 39 |
| Irinotecan | 36 | 8% | 6.1 | Cohort study | Level III | Alberts | 2002 | 40 |
| Erlotinib | 42 | 8% | 7.5 | Cohort study | Level III | Philip | 2006 | 14 |
MST, median survival time; 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; IFN, interferon; LV, levofolinic acid; FA, folinic acid; HU, hydroxyurea; CC, cholangiocarcinoma; GB gallbladder