ADP/ATP Ratios in menadione- or CCCP-treated HeLa cells. A–C, HeLa cells were treated with varying concentrations of CCCP for 1 h. Following CCCP exposure, the cells were lysed and analyzed for ATP and ADP relative light units. CCCP reduced the ADP/ATP ratio at T = 0 h (A), which was the result of decreased ADP levels, without any change in ATP levels (B) (n = 6). The CCCP-induced decrease in ADP/ATP ratios is reversible, and HeLa cells can recover following 24 h in normal media (C). d and E, HeLa cells were treated with varying concentrations of menadione for 1 h. Following menadione treatment, the cells were lysed and analyzed for ATP and ADP relative light units. The results show that menadione does not affect the ADP/ATP ratio at either T = 0 h (D) or T = 24 h (E) (n = 6).