Table 1.
mtCOI distances used to estimate lysin and 18-kDa nonsynonymous rate in California abalone
| Species* | K2P%† | COI Div.,‡ Mya | Third-Tv%§ | Tv Div.,¶ Mya | COI Ds%‖ | Lysin Dn%** | Lysin Rate,‡‡ ×10−9 | 18-kDa Dn%†† | 18-kDa Rate,§§ ×10−9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hru-Hso | 2.5 | 1.3 | <1 | <1 | 9.9 | 5.8 | 22 | 8.1 | 36 |
| Hru-Hka | 3.1 | 1.6 | <1 | <1 | 12.3 | 10.7 | 33 | 18.5 | 58 |
| Hru-Hwa | 2.7 | 1.4 | 0 | <1 | 10.8 | 10.1 | 36 | ||
| Hso-Hka | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0 | <1 | 3.7 | 8.4 | 84 | 14.5 | 145 |
| Hso-Hwa | 1.5 | 0.8 | <1 | <1 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 40 | ||
| Hka-Hwa | 2.1 | 1.1 | <1 | <1 | 8.3 | 13.6 | 62 | ||
| Hru-Hcr | 8.4 | 4.2 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 37.3 | 21.8 | 27 | ||
| Hso-Hcr | 7.7 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 34.0 | 20.8 | 26 | ||
| Hka-Hcr | 7.5 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 32.7 | 26.1 | 33 | ||
| Hwa-Hcr | 7.5 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 33.1 | 22.7 | 28 | ||
| Hru-Hco | 9.9 | 5.0 | 4.1 | 8.2 | 43.6 | 14.6 | 9 | 82.6 | 50 |
| Hru-Hfu | 12.5 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 9.6 | 61.3 | 24.9 | 13 | 81.1 | 42 |
| Hso-Hco | 10.4 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 7.0 | 46.4 | 13.7 | 10 | 75.6 | 54 |
| Hso-Hfu | 12.9 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 10.8 | 64.9 | 25.4 | 12 | 76.9 | 36 |
| Hka-Hco | 10.2 | 5.1 | 3.5 | 7.0 | 44.9 | 18.1 | 13 | 82.3 | 59 |
| Hka-Hfu | 11.7 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 10.8 | 56.7 | 24.5 | 11 | 85.5 | 40 |
| Hwa-Hco | 9.7 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 8.2 | 42.9 | 15.9 | 10 | ||
| Hwa-Hfu | 12.5 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 9.6 | 62.2 | 23.8 | 12 | ||
| Hcr-Hco | 11.2 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 12.0 | 55.2 | 13.1 | 5 | ||
| Hcr-Hfu | 11.2 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 13.4 | 54.3 | 27.8 | 10 | ||
| Hco-Hfu | 12.3 | 6.2 | 9.3 | 18.6 | 62.4 | 24.0 | 6 | 86.9 | 23 |
Species designations as in Fig. 1. First 10 comparisons are within group A.
Kimura two-parameter pairwise percent distances (mtCOI all sites).
Divergence time (Myr) calculated by using COI calibration: 2% pairwise divergence per Myr.
Percent transversion differences at third base positions of codons.
Divergence time (Myr) calculated using cytochrome b third base transversion calibration: 0.5% pairwise divergence per Myr (24).
Synonymous substitutions (Ds) per 100 synonymous sites in mtCOI.
Nonsynonymous substitutions (Dn) per 100 nonsynonymous sites in mature lysin coding sequences (4, 5).
Lysin Dn/(2× divergence time) = estimated nonsynonymous substitutions/site/year × 10−9.
Nonsynonymous substitutions (Dn) per 100 nonsynonymous sites in mature 18 kDa coding sequences (6). Note: 18 kDa cDNA sequence reported for H. assimilis, a subspecies of H. kamtschatkana.
The 18-kDa Dn/(2× divergence time) = estimated nonsynonymous substitutions/site/year × 10−9. Note: Nonsynonymous rate estimates within group A were calculated by using all sites (2% per Myr); rate estimates for more distant comparisons were calculated by using third position transversions (0.5% per Myr).