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(a) With increased medium fluid flow across the external surface of the scaffold, chemotransportation is not guaranteed within the porous confines of the scaffold interior. (b) Schematic chamber within the flow-perfusion bioreactor. Note that medium is forced to percolate through the scaffold interior, ensuring chemotransportation to cells within the core. (c) Schematic of the 8-chamber flow-perfusion bioreactor within a standard cell culture incubator. (d) Photograph.
