Table 1.
Commonly used dimethyl and diethyl OP pesticides by use profile and associated BMD10s and their urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolites
| Use Profiles in 1000Poundsc (% of total dimethyls or diethyls) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OP Pesticide | BMD10 (mg/kg/day)d |
Urinary Metabolites |
Nationala | Californiab | Monterey Co.b |
| Dimethyls | |||||
| Azinphos Methyl | 0.86 | DMP,DMTP, DMDTP |
1,610 (4%) | 200 (8%) | 0 (0.4%) |
| Dicrotophos | 0.04 | DMP | 485 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Dimethoate | 0.25 | DMP,DMTP, DMDTP |
970 (2%) | 441(18%) | 41 (19%) |
| Fenthion | 0.24 | DMP, DMTP | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0.01%) |
| Malathion | 313.91 | DMP,DMTP, DMDTP |
31,793(80%) | 583 (23%) | 74 (33%) |
| Methidation | 0.25 | DMP,DMTP, DMDTP |
200(1%) | 138 (6%) | 15 (7%) |
| Methyl parathion | 0.67 | DMP, DMTP | 2,600 (7%) | 116 (5%) | 0 (0.01%) |
| Naled | 1.00 | DMP | 83 (0.2%) | 277 (11%) | 25 (11%) |
| Oxydemeton- methyl |
0.09 | DMP, DMTP | 146 (0.4%) | 117 (5%) | 66 (30%) |
| Phosmet | 3.56 | DMP,DMTP, DMDTP |
1,633 (4%) | 611(25%) | 0 (0.02%) |
| Tetrachlorvin phos |
60.69 | DMP | 0 (0%) | 4 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) |
| Trichlorfon | 31.74 | DMP | 0 (0%) | 3 (0.1%) | 0 (0%) |
|
Total Dimethyls |
39,518(100%) | 2,492 (100%) | 223 (100%) | ||
| Diethyls | |||||
| Chlorethoxyphos | 0.65 | DEP, DETP | 83(0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Chlorpyrifos | 1.48 | DEP, DETP | 9,800 (52%) | 2,119 (64%) | 57 (31%) |
| Diazinon | 6.24 | DEP, DETP | 938 (5%) | 1,006 (30%) | 113 (61%) |
| Dichlorvos (DDVP) |
2.35 | DEP, DETP | 0 (0%) | 12 (0.4%) | 30(0.02%) |
| Disulfoton | 0.07 | DEP, DETP,DEDTP |
418 (2%) | 86 (3%) | 15 (8%) |
| Ethion | N/Ae | DEP, DETP,DEDTP |
530 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Parathion | N/Ae | DEP, DETP | 10 (0.05%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Phorate | 0.21 | DEP, DETP,DEDTP |
2,608 (14%) | 101 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Sulfotepp | N/Ae | DEP, DETP | 0 (0%) | 0 (0.01%) | 0 (0.05%) |
| Terbufos | 0.1 | DEP, DETP,DEDTP |
4,600 (24%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Total Diethyls | 18,985 (100%) | 3,324 (100%) | 185 (100%) | ||
| Total OPs | 58,503 | 5,816 | 408 | ||
a
Average total pounds of OP pesticides used for agricultural (field, fruit and vegetable crops) applications between 1999–2000 based on pesticide purchase by individual farms (EPA Proprietary Data summarized).
b
Average total pounds of OP pesticides used for agricultural, landscape maintenance, structural pesticide control and right of way between 1999–2000 (DPR 1999, 2000).
c
Pesticide use is reported in pounds of active ingredient.
d
BMD10: the benchmark dose with 10% inhibition in brain cholinesterase compared to background response (13).
e
N/A : U.S. EPA has not established a BMD10. We assume 0 RPF.