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. 2010 Jan 5;5(1):e8557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008557

Figure 4. δ-toxin physically binds to host derived antimicrobial peptides.

Figure 4

Synthetic 1 µM LL-37 or 1 µM CRAMP was added to S. epidermidis supernatants. a, δ-toxin was precipitated and immunoblotted for LL-37 or CRAMP. Immunoblots show co-precipitation of LL-37 or CRAMP with δ-toxin indicating binding. The left and right panels were stained for LL-37 or CRAMP, respectively. The LL-37 or CRAMP positive control standards are shown in the left lane of each panel. The middle and right lanes show relative quantities of LL-37 or CRAMP that precipitated with δ-toxin using anti δ-toxin (right lane) or IgG control to anti δ-toxin (middle lane) b, emission spectra of δ-toxin's tryptophan in buffer or in the presence of LL-37, CRAMP, hBD2, or hBD3. c, table of maximal wavelength emission and shift in wavelength upon addition of host antimicrobial peptide. Data are representative of 2 individual experiments.