Table 2.
The Characteristics of Men by the Obesity and MetS Status
| Overall (n = 1,457) | No Obesity/No MetS (n = 772) | No Obesity/MetS (n = 369) | p Value* | Obesity/No MetS (n = 96) | Obesity/MetS (n = 220) | p Value* | |
| Age, M (SD), y | 73.7 (2.9) | 73.9 (2.9) | 73.9 (2.8) | .99 | 73.3 (2.8) | 73.3 (2.7) | .99 |
| Race, % black | 36.44 | 39.77 | 23.85 | <.001 | 47.92 | 40.91 | .25 |
| Site, % Memphis | 49.97 | 51.81 | 46.61 | .10 | 55.21 | 46.82 | .17 |
| Education, % >high school | 47.59 | 49.35 | 47.43 | .11 | 38.54 | 45.66 | .07 |
| Incident mobility limitation, % | 43.72 | 38.86 | 44.17 | .09 | 55.21 | 55.00 | .97 |
| Body mass index, M (SD), kg/m2 | 27.1 (3.9) | 24.9 (2.5) | 27.0 (2.1) | <.001 | 32.3 (2.8) | 33.0 (2.5) | .14 |
| Number of MetS criteria met, M (SD) | 2.3 (1.3) | 1.3 (0.7) | 3.5 (0.6) | <.001 | 1.8 (0.4) | 3.7 (0.8) | <.001 |
| Abdominal obesity, % | 43.99 | 15.41 | 59.35 | <.001 | 92.71 | 97.27 | .06 |
| High triglyceride, % | 29.81 | 9.46 | 65.22 | <.001 | 3.13 | 53.64 | <.001 |
| Low HDL, % | 31.75 | 12.82 | 64.03 | <.001 | 3.13 | 56.82 | <.001 |
| Hyperglycemia, % | 42.96 | 23.58 | 69.11 | <.001 | 22.92 | 75.91 | <.001 |
| High blood pressure, % | 77.42 | 70.47 | 90.51 | <.001 | 53.13 | 90.45 | <.001 |
| Current smoker, % | 10.45 | 12.60 | 9.21 | .21 | 7.29 | 6.36 | .45 |
| Alcohol use | .02 | .97 | |||||
| % None | 42.27 | 39.79 | 48.37 | 41.67 | 40.91 | ||
| % <1 drink/d | 46.13 | 47.38 | 40.22 | 50.00 | 50.00 | ||
| % ≥1 drink/d | 11.6 | 12.83 | 11.41 | 8.33 | 9.09 | ||
| High- and moderate-intensity physical activity, median (SD), kcal/wk | 701.1 (2,336) | 751.4 (2,505) | 688.8 (2,381) | .87 | 708.8 (1,821) | 581.9 (2,379) | .45 |
| Lung disease, % | 10.14 | 9.66 | 10.44 | .68 | 9.38 | 11.68 | .55 |
| Heart disease, % | 28.15 | 23.23 | 36.74 | <.001 | 18.28 | 35.32 | .00 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, % | 8.04 | 7.97 | 9.29 | .46 | 4.35 | 7.73 | .28 |
| Peripheral arterial disease, % | 6.9 | 6.49 | 8.89 | .15 | 1.09 | 7.51 | .02 |
| Osteoarthritis, % | 7.38 | 5.28 | 9.29 | .01 | 5.32 | 12.33 | .06 |
| Depression, % | 3.67 | 3.40 | 3.80 | .73 | 2.17 | 5.00 | .25 |
| C-reactive protein, median (SD) | 1.48 (4.78) | 1.31 (5.54) | 1.47 (3.86) | .07 | 2.03 (2.63) | 2.06 (3.99) | .81 |
| Interleukin-6, median (SD) | 1.89 (1.89) | 1.75 (1.85) | 2.06 (2.07) | <.001 | 2.04 (1.40) | 2.27 (1.89) | .18 |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α, median (SD) | 3.27 (1.82) | 3.00 (1.70) | 3.80 (1.92) | <.001 | 2.76 (1.49) | 3.57 (1.95) | <.001 |
Notes: HDL = high-density lipoprotein; MetS = metabolic syndrome.
*
Comparisons within nonobese and obese groups were performed with chi-square test for categorical variables, Kruskal–Wallis test for skewed continuous variables, and t test for normally distributed continuous variables.