Table 1.
Adhesins of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli
| Adhesin | Gene | Receptor specificity | Cell adherence: in vitro and in vivo infection models | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type 1 fimbriae | fim | Mannose oligosaccharides (Mono- and Tri-mannose) | Human bladder epithelium, Chicken tracheal and gut explants, colonic and ileal enterocytes | [6,14,15,98,99] |
| P fimbriae | pap | P-blood group antigen-specific glycosphingolipids (α-D-Galp-(1-4)-β-D-Galp) | Human kidney, colonic and ileal enterocytes | [31,38,99] |
| Curli | csg | Matrix and Plasma Proteins (Fibronectin, Laminin, Plasminogen, H-Kininogen) | Chicken tracheal and gut explants | [51,98,99] |
| S fimbriae | sfa | Neuraminic acid (Sialyl galactosides) | Human bladder and kidney epithelium, Brain endothelium, colonic and ileal enterocytes | [6,99,106-110] |
| F1C fimbriae | foc | Lactosylceramide containing glycolipids | Buccal epithelium, Collecting ducts and distal tubules of human kidney, renal tubulus cells | [6,68-70,73] |
| Dr fimbriae | dra | Dr blood group antigen, Decay accelerating factor (DAF) | Basement membranes of human and canine kidneys, Bowman's capsule, Bladder epithelium, colonic and ileal enterocytes | [75,77,99] |
| Afimbrial adhesins | afa | DAF | Uroepithelial cells | [6,83] |
| Temperature sensitive haemagglutinin | tsh | Haemoglobin, Fibronectin, Collagen IV | Chicken erythrocytes | [90,91] |
| UPEC trimeric autotransporter adhesin | upa | Fibronectin, Laminin | Human bladder epithelial cells | [93] |
| ExPEC Adhesin I | yqi | n.d. | Chicken lung epithelium, Chicken fibroblasts, Canine kidney epithelial cells | [96] |
n.d.: Not determined