Table 1.
Body composition, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), energy expenditure at baseline and end of intervention, and percent changes, by intervention groups.
| Variables | DIET | DIET+LO-EX | DIET+HI-EX | Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
| Weight, kg | ||||
| Baseline | 92.3±10.3 | 88.2±9.1 | 90.1±11.6 | 90.1±10.2 |
| End of intervention | 79.5±11.3* | 75.1±8.5* | 79.3±9.8* | 77.9±9.8* |
| % change | −14.0±4.6 | −14.8±4.4 | −11.9±3.7 | −13.6±4.3 |
| Lean mass, kg | ||||
| Baseline | 53.0±3.1 | 51.5±6.0 | 51.9±4.4 | 52.1±4.6 |
| End of intervention | 48.8±3.4* | 47.6±5.6* | 48.7±4.0* | 48.3±4.4* |
| % change | −8.0±3.8 | −7.5±2.9 | −6.1±3.6 | −7.2±3.4 |
| Fat mass, kg | ||||
| Baseline | 40.7±8.0 | 37.9±5.8 | 39.8±8.0 | 39.4±7.2 |
| End of intervention | 32.5±8.5* | 29.6±5.8* | 32.6±6.6* | 31.5±6.9* |
| % change | −20.9±8.1 | −22.0±9.0 | −18.0±5.2 | −20.4±7.6 |
| Body fat, % | ||||
| Baseline | 43.0±4.0 | 42.3±3.8 | 43.1±3.4 | 42.8±3.6 |
| End of intervention | 39.3±5.2* | 38.2±5.0* | 39.8±3.6* | 39.1±4.6* |
| % change | −3.7±1.9 | −4.1±2.7 | −3.3±1.1 | −3.7±2.0 |
| VO2max, ml/min·kg | ||||
| Baseline | 20.9±3.2 | 21.0±2.7 | 18.2±3.4 | 20.0±3.3 |
| End of intervention | 22.5±5.1† | 23.7±2.4† | 22.2±2.0† | 22.8±3.3* |
| % change | 7.7±11.6 | 14.7±9.8 | 26.0±27.6 | 16.4±19.3 |
| VO2max, ml/min | ||||
| Baseline | 1669.6±260.4 | 1786.0±310.8 | 1811.7±263.3 | 1758.4±277.5 |
| End of intervention | 1649.5±197.3 | 1749.4±319.0 | 1796.8±152.3 | 1734.5±235.4 |
| % change | 0.5±17.0 | −1.3±11.9 | 0.5±11.6 | −0.1±13.2 |
| Resting metabolic rate, kJ/day | ||||
| Baseline | 5371.4±628.5 | 5367.3±1003.1 | 5572.6±745.0 | 5435.1±795.4 |
| End of intervention | 4783.8±601.3† | 4924.7±746.4‡ | 5246.6±804.2‡ | 4985.0±726.6* |
| % change | −10.5±10.6 | −4.7±9.6 | −5.7±8.7 | −6.9±9.7 |
| Physical activity energy expenditure, kJ/day | ||||
| Baseline | 2300.4±610.5 | 2336.1±722.2 | 2434.8±828.3 | 2356.5±705.6 |
| End of intervention | 1601.9±487.6* | 1561.2±453.7† | 1888.6±581.7‡ | 1680.3±514.7* |
| % change | −30.2±12.8 | −29.6±25.8 | −17.9±23.5 | −26.0±21.7 |
DIET, diet only; DIET+EX-LO, diet plus low-intensity exercise; DIET+EX-HI, diet plus high-intensity exercise. No between group differences were found for all variables at baseline, or changes during intervention.
*
p < 0.001 comparing with baseline
†
p < 0.01 comparing with baseline
‡
p < 0.05 comparing with baseline