TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical variables
| Nondiabetic control subjects | Type 1 diabetic subjects |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total sample | 0 hypo | 1–2 hypo | 3+ hypo | ||
| n | 49 | 95 | 37 | 41 | 17 |
| Age (years) | 12.4 ± 2.7 | 12.4 ± 2.8 | 12.1 ± 2.4 | 12.5 ± 2.8 | 12.9 ± 3.3 |
| Female subjects | 49 | 43 | 38 | 39 | 65 |
| Right handed | 98 | 88 | 89 | 85 | 94 |
| Age of onset (years)* | — | 7.1 ± 3.2 | 8.5 ± 2.6 | 6.8 ± 3.2 | 4.7 ± 3.2 |
| Duration of diabetes (years)* | — | 5.4 ± 2.8 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 5.8 ± 2.6 | 8.1 ± 2.9 |
| Median A1C | — | 8.3 ± 1.0 | 8.2 ± 1.2 | 8.3 ± 0.8 | 8.7 ± 0.9 |
| Hyperglycemia exposure score* | — | 0 ± 1.4 | −0.76 ± 1.2 | 0.10 ± 1.1 | 1.48 ± 1.2 |
| Atlas scaling factor (unitless) | 0.86 ± 0.08 | 0.87 ± 0.08 | 0.89 ± 0.08 | 0.88 ± 0.08 | 0.86 ± 0.07 |
| Total absolute | 4,339 ± 607 | 4,417 ± 541 | 4,487 ± 485 | 4,337 ± 462 | 4,680 ± 578 |
| Hippocampal volume (mm3) | |||||
| Total relative hippocampal volume† | 5,056 ± 581 | 5,085 ± 541 | 5,076 ± 492 | 4,965 ± 474 | 5,475 ± 545 |
| Right relative hippocampal volume | 2,546 ± 307 | 2,577 ± 286 | 2,599 ± 254 | 2,515 ± 251 | 2,773 ± 300 |
| Left relative hippocampal volume | 2,510 ± 285 | 2,507 ± 267 | 2,477 ± 252 | 2,450 ± 234 | 2,702 ± 285 |
Data are means ± SD or percent unless otherwise indicated.
*All hypoglycemia subgroups are different from each other (P < 0.05).
†3+ hypoglycemia group is different from all other subgroups (P < 0.05).