TABLE 4.
Clinical characteristics of LADA patients displayed as low and high titers of anti-GAD
| Clinical characteristics | Patients compared (n) |
Median (25th–75th percentile) |
P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low anti-GAD | High anti-GAD | Low anti-GAD | High anti-GAD | ||
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 65 | 61 | 62 (56–71) | 56 (46–66) | 0.004 |
| Years with insulin treatment | 16 | 27 | 6.0 (1.3–9.8) | 6.0 (4.0–11) | 0.605 |
| Time to insulin dependence (years) | 16 | 26 | 6.8 (4.3–12) | 4.0 (2.9–7.0) | 0.048 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 65 | 58 | 28 (26–31) | 27 (25–31) | 0.182 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 64 | 59 | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) | 0.90 (0.85–0.93) | 0.457 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 65 | 61 | 5.8 (5.2–6.7) | 5.6 (4.8–6.6) | 0.277 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 65 | 61 | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 0.870 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 65 | 61 | 2.27 (1.22–2.98) | 1.77 (1.12–2.66) | 0.158 |
| A1C | 62 | 60 | 7.8 (6.4–9.4) | 8.7 (7.1–10) | 0.064 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 65 | 60 | 154 (143–174) | 148 (132–170) | 0.124 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 65 | 60 | 82 (72–91) | 81 (73–89) | 0.861 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 65 | 61 | 7.5 (6–8.9) | 9.1 (6.9–10.6) | 0.025 |
| Fasting C-peptide (mmol/l) | 65 | 61 | 697 (384–1,015) | 334 (75–764.5) | 0.0007 |
Data are median (25th–75th percentile) unless otherwise indicated.
*P value from Mann-Whitney U test by comparing low and high anti-GAD LADA patients.