TABLE 2.
Hormones and substrates
| Young lean (n = 12) | Young obese (n = 12) | Elderly lean (n = 12) | Elderly obese (n = 12) |
P |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Age | Sex | BMI | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.9 (4.3, 5.5) | 5.1 (4.6, 6.1) | 5.2 (4.2, 5.8) | 52 (4.8, 5.9) | 0.005 | 0.055 | 0.009 | 0.061 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 28.2 (20.4, 55.2) | 39.6 (18.6, 111.0) | 19.8 (9.6, 51.0) | 36.0 (21.0, 62.4) | 0.003 | 0.10 | 0.79 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucagon (pg/ml) | 66 (34, 174) | 80 (50, 115) | 59 (31, 90) | 65 (45, 116) | 0.080 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.090 |
| CRP (mg/l)* | 0.6 (0.3, 2.4) | 0.6 (0.2, 17.0) | 1.5 (0.3, 3.4) | 1.8 (0.4, 11.5) | 0.078 | 0.051 | 0.46 | 0.15 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml)* | 1.2 (0.7, 3.1) | 1.1 (0.7, 11.7) | 1.9 (0.9, 5.2) | 2.9 (1.4, 8.4) | 0.011 | 0.012 | 0.31 | 0.040 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml)* | 1.1 (0.5, 2.1) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7) | 0.9 (0.5, 2.0) | 1.2 (0.9, 2.0) | 0.22 | 0.51 | 0.10 | 0.26 |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml)* | 9.1 (5.3, 12.0) | 8.3 (4.4, 10.2) | 12.9 (7.7, 26.8) | 10.9 (3.6, 17.1) | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.12 | 0.027 |
| HMW adiponectin (μg/ml)* | 3.1 (1.4, 5.6) | 2.4 (1.2, 4.5) | 4.9 (2.3, 10.8) | 2.5 (0.3, 5.5) | <0.001 | 0.19 | 0.022 | <0.001 |
| Leptin (μg/ml)* | 10.4 (1.6, 27.5) | 14.1 (4.4, 65.8) | 7.0 (1.3, 23.6) | 18.7 (4.2, 50.7) | <0.001 | 0.78 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Data are medians (minimum, maximum). To convert values for glucose to milligram per deciliter, multiply by 18. To convert values for insulin to micro-units per milliliter, divide by 6.
*Data were log transformed prior to analysis.