Three-dimensional structure of HlyA and HlyA50 oligomers. (A) Three-dimensional structure of HlyA after seven refinements. A top view of HlyA (I), bottom view of HlyA (II), and side view of HlyA (III) are shown. C7 symmetry was applied. The top view shows the ring-like structure, and the side view shows that seven holes are present beneath the ring structure. The top and bottom views of HlyA indicate that a central cavity is present in HlyA. (B) Three-dimensional structure of HlyA50 after seven refinements. Part I shows the top view of HlyA50, and part II is the bottom view of the HlyA50 oligomer. The top view shows that the structure of HlyA50 is completely irregular, and the top-bottom view indicates that a central cavity is present in the HlyA50 oligomer. The last four images (III to VI) are side views of HlyA50 at different rotational angles. The 3D structure was rotated along the z axis, and after a 90° rotation, one image was taken. The side views of HlyA50 show an irregular structure. (C) Internal structure of HlyA oligomer. A dumbbell-shaped internal channel is present in the HlyA oligomer. (D) Longitudinal slice of 3D structure of HlyA50. Bar, 50 Å.