Fig. 5.
HNE activates the JNK pathway and increases c-Jun phosphorylation. (A) Cells were treated with 20 µM HNE for 0 – 5 h and a marked increase in JNK phosphorylation was observed. (B) The same blot was stripped and reprobed with a pan-JNK antibody to show equal loading. (C) Phosphorylated c-Jun also increased significantly when the cells were treated with HNE.