Table 4.

Multivariable associations of Y10 and Y20 CES-D scores with Y7 fourth root transformed fish intake and omega-3 fatty acids for all CARDIA participants and stratified by sex.

	Sex X dietary exposure	Entire cohort		Men		Women
Outcome=continuous CES-D score at Y10	P-value	Betaa for dietary exposure	P-value	Beta for dietary exposure	P-value	Beta for dietary exposure	P-value
Fish	0.63	−0.40	0.29	−0.31	0.53	−0.53	0.34
EPA	0.40	−1.85	0.04	−1.09	0.37	−2.36	0.07
DHA	0.97	−3.12	0.03	−2.87	0.13	−3.26	0.11
EPA+DHA	0.81	−2.58	0.03	−2.20	0.16	−2.79	0.10
Outcome=continuous
CES-D score at Y20
Fish	0.02	−0.70	0.10	0.21	0.70	−1.59	0.01
EPA	0.04	−2.21	0.03	−0.14	0.92	−3.62	0.01
DHA	0.03	−2.41	0.13	1.25	0.55	−5.20	0.03
EPA+DHA	0.03	−2.27	0.09	0.75	0.67	−4.54	0.02

^aAdjusted for age, race, gender, educational level, body mass index, cigarettes/d, alcohol intake (ml/d), total physical activity, marital status, employment status, income, and intakes of linoleic acid, and folic acid. Fish intake is further adjusted for energy intake. SES and lifestyle covariates are from Y10 for the Y10 CES-D scores and from Y20 for Y20 CES-D scores.